| 摘要: | 台灣每年均產生數量龐大的污泥及灰渣類廢棄物，諸如燃煤電廠飛灰、水庫淤泥、上水與下水污泥，及都市垃圾與工業廢棄物之焚化灰渣，而需極待妥善處理處置與資源化。目前對於無機廢棄物資材化還是偏向成生態水泥、營建砂石骨材、路基材料、製磚等相關研究為主，不過此方面的研究已發展多年且技術相當成熟，加上這類再生產品的附加價值與實用性偏低，因此尋求新的再利用途徑及關鍵技術，以期提升資源化產品的附加價值，是有其急迫性與必要性。本計畫企圖將污泥及灰渣類廢棄物轉換成賦有功能性(吸附、光分解)之環境淨化複合材料，並延伸至高科技或傳統產業之廢水處理與空氣淨化程序。嘗試將下水污泥、燃煤電廠飛灰或淨水污泥灰或是工業廢水污泥灰，結合碳化程序與水熱反應程序，同時合成新型活性碳-沸石(activated carbon-zeolite) 複合材料。將自製的新型活性碳-沸石吸附劑，作為新的光催化載體，探討負載TiO2 並應用在水污染處理之可行性。此新穎之資源化技術不但可降低產業之處理成本，亦可緩和無機天然資源之過度開掘，解決廢棄物妥善處理之問題，從而形成永續發展之循環型環境，可謂具有多功能與意義。有鑑於此，本研究特針對此一合成高效吸附與光催化功能環境淨化複合材料之新穎技術，分兩年進行開發與研究探討：子計畫(三)「泥渣廢棄物合成高效吸附功能複合材料之開發研究」第一年：創新兩階段水熱法合成新型活性碳-沸石複合材料之研究(1/2) 第二年：負載型TiO2/活性碳-沸石光催化複合材料之研究(2/2) 第一年為「創新兩階段水熱法合成新型活性碳-沸石複合材料之研究」，嘗試利用下水污泥、燃煤電廠飛灰、淨水污泥灰或各種工業廢水污泥灰，改良傳統水熱反應程序，開發創新的活性碳與沸石複合技術，同時合成新型活性碳-沸石複合材料；第二年為「負載型TiO2/活性碳-沸石光催化複合材料之研究」，本年度將延續上年度研究建立的基礎下，開發負載型TiO2光催化複合材料。嘗試利用泥渣類廢棄物合成的活性碳-沸石複合材料，作為新型吸附性載體，探討披覆TiO2對光催化活性的影響與機制建立，以及評估應用於水污染處理之可行性。本計畫之預期成果可結合半導體業、光電廠業及工業廢水處理單元程序，將產業生產的廢水污泥有效轉換高效吸附與光催化複合材料，再回歸投入廢水處理單元或空氣污染防制單元，不但可妥善處理污泥還可降低污泥處置及污染防治成本，為一套具前瞻性與創新之資源化再生技術。 ; Constant generation of various sludges, sediments, and inorganic residues such as ashes from municipal and industrial incinerators is posing a environmental problem facing society. Traditional practices of such waste streams include treatment and/or recycling as roadbed fill, artificial aggregates for concrete, and as replacements for raw meal to produce eco-cement, all targeting a recycling-oriented approach to set-off part of the resources depletion problem. The traditional technologies for recycling the aforementioned sludge and residues into constructional materials is well developed and have long been practiced; the products, however, have less performance and added value. Therefore, there is possibility to develop a novel recycling technology that offers a high level of material recovery and recycling with high performance and added value. On the other hand, the inorganic residues, especially in the case of coal fly ash, is essentially a composed of SiO2, Al2O3. Therefore, it is feasible to synthesize zeolite from this waste by hydrothermal process.The zeolite synthesized in a economic way from the incinerator residues is a treasure that has a wide range of applications.Furthermore, sewage sludge can be carbonized and combined with incinerator residues in hydrothermal process, resulting in a composite adsorbent characterized by activated carbon and zeolite. The composite adsorbent has a spectrum of application in air, water and waste treatment, and industrial production. For example, The composite adsorbent, when loaded with TiO2, can be used to remove and degrade environmental hormone substances such as PCB and dioxin. The preparation of activated carbon-zeolite composite adsorbent using sludge and incinerator residues as starting materials is a novel process, not only cost-effective but also recycling-beneficial. And the wastes-synthesized composite adsorbent has a outperforming characteristics in adsorption and a wide range of potential applications. This study to develop a novel synthesis approach for preparing high-efficient composite adsorbent from sludge and incinerator residues for environmental applications is divided by two phases: First year: Synthesis of High-Efficient Composite Adsorbent from Waste Sludge and Incinerator Residues (1/2)-- A novel two-step hydrothermal method for the synthesis of activated carbon-zeolite composite material. Second year: Synthesis of High-Efficient Composite Adsorbent from Waste Sludge and Incinerator Residues (2/2)-- Preparation of activated carbon-zeolite composite photocatalyst loaded with TiO2 . The first year study focused on the development of a carbon-zeolite composite material, using sludges and residues such as water purification and sewage sludges, coal fly ash, as starting materials, by carbonization and hydrothermal reaction. The traditional hydrothermal process is modified to a simultaneous synthesis of the activated-zeolite composite. The second year, based on the results from the first year study, using the wastes-synthesized activated carbon-zeolite composite as a catalyst support of photocatalystic TiO2, to develop a composite adsorbent with photocatalystic characteristics. The loading of the photocatalystic TiO2 onto the composite adsorbent, the photocatalysitc reactivities and the mechanism are studied. Also the characteristics of the composite photocatalyst in wastewater treatment is is evaluated. This study expects the results can be applied to the wastewater treatment process in semiconductor and hotoelectric industries which sludges can be recycled and synthesized into a high-efficient adsorbent and hotocatalystic adsorbent. And again, these functional composite adsorbents can be recycled to their air and water treatment units. This recycling and circulation only solve the problems of sludge and residues treatment, but also reduce the operation costs of the waste treatment, suggesting the technology to prepare the activated carbon-zeolite composite adsorbent and photocatalystic composite adsorbent from sludge and ncinerator residues is a novel technology not only ot only cost-effective but also recycling-beneficial . ; 研究期間 9808 ~ 9907 |
