| 摘要: | 睡眠佔了人的一生將近三分之一的時間,是人類維持正常生理機能以及消除疲勞的 重要歷程。 然而,若沒有良好的睡眠習慣及睡眠效率,睡醒之後我們將面對睡眠遲惰 所帶來的短暫負面影響。所謂的睡眠遲惰是從睡眠中覺醒後的暫時性功能下降,包含行 為以及認知功能,亦懷疑可能是大腦網路尚未回復聯結的狀態。先前研究指出,睡眠遲 惰的持續時間有可能從幾分鐘至幾小時,但其與大腦網路的關聯性所知甚少。因此在本 研究中,我們將試圖探討睡眠遲惰對大腦網路影響的動態歷程。我們利用同步記錄腦電 圖訊號與功能性磁振造影訊號之技術來進行十位正常受試者的睡眠遲惰研究,其中觀察 受試者在經過夜間睡眠後的睡眠遲惰程度以及大腦網路在清醒後的動態變化。我們著重 於研究三個主要關於睡眠調節、運動相關的大腦網路: 1. 預設模式網路 (Default Mode Network) 2. 感覺運動網路 (Sensory Motor Network) 3. 丘腦-皮層網路 (Thalamo-Cortical)。結果發現,受試者於認知行為測試中的反應時間長短在睡醒後有 明顯地提昇 (約睡醒後五十分鐘),而大腦網路在睡眠遲惰期間,大腦的連結及活化依 舊持續地在改變及重整。但將低頻振幅與功能性連結相比,低頻部分 (0.01-0.1Hz) 則 沒有隨著清醒時間而產生明顯的變化。另外我們觀察到行為表現和大腦的活化呈現相反 的趨勢,且感覺運動網路在慣用/非慣用腦區在睡後的連結及活化有明顯的強弱及變化 差異。其中,丘腦的連結及活化在睡後有著明顯的下降,但是與皮層和感覺運動網路之 間的連結卻有逐漸增強的趨勢。因此,我們認為丘腦似乎在睡眠遲惰期間扮演著重要的 角色,負責調節深層腦區與皮層之間感覺運動相關的大腦網路功能,進而影響我們的行 為表現。;Sleep is an important procedure, which can reboot our brain and refresh our body. However, the sleep inertia occurred immediately after sleeping, if we did not have good sleep habit and efficient. Sleep inertia is transition state, which can attenuate our behavior/cognitive performance in a period of time. Until now, the mechanisms of sleep inertia are poorly understood, but suppose to the connections of brain networks did not recovered to the original level. Previous studies indicated that the sleep inertia duration may last minutes to hours, but rarely understand the brain working patterns during these times. In present study, we used the simultaneous EEG-fMRI recording to investigate the dynamic changes after awakening. We also combine the behavior and fMRI to observe the interactions between functional connectivity and βPVT. In the results, we found that the brain keeps the reorganization after awakening. The participant′s behavior performance reaction time shows the significantly increased after awakening fifty minutes. ALFF did not show the difference in the lower frequency bands 0.01 to 0.1 Hz. Besides, we found the opposite phenomenon between behavior performance and βPVT. Furthermore, the different strength and specific changes occurred in the sensory motor network (SMN) after awakening, no matter in connectivity and PVT. It seems the brain have difference in dominant and non-dominant side during sleep inertia period. The thalamus connectivity and βPVT have significant decreased after awakening, but the connections between cortical/SMN was increased. We infer that thalamo-cortical play the key role to handle the sensory related functions during sleep inertia period, thereby affecting our behavior performance. |
