| 摘要: | 桃園市楊梅區是典型的客家庄，又是客家文化重點發展區之一。自2003年起配合行政院客家委員會推動「客家文化生活環境營造計畫」，客家委員會對地方政府整體規劃客家聚落，保存在地客庄生活場域，落實居民營造在地客庄特色風貌有功者，進行補助。「伯公山客家藝文傳唱空間」、「楊梅故事館-客家教育家張芳杰校長故居調查研究計畫」二者是客家文化生活環境營造補助計畫，皆位於楊梅市中心紅梅里。在社區自主營造的理念下，公私協力網絡已然是客家文化在社造活力挹注下產生新生機。本研究透過公民參與及公私協力理論基礎，以桃園市楊梅區提出的此二個案，採取文獻探討、深度訪談、社會網絡分析等研究方法，析探營造計畫過程中，利害關係人的協力網絡運作型態及推動策略的實踐過程與成效。個案「伯公山客家藝文傳唱空間」已於2014年十月竣工；「楊梅故事館-客家教育家張芳杰校長故居調查研究計畫」目前仍是駐地工作站。政府再造風行之際，政府對於強化公共服務共識、公共資源連結、治理環境改善、合作風險分擔等業務，採取委託外包方式。政府角色已非獨攬，而是公共管理推動者。在作者實際參與觀察楊梅故事館之活動，「楊梅壢文化協會」對於推動客家文化生活環境，扮演極重要角色。透過公私協力網絡分析，分析信任網絡、資源網絡、諮詢網絡、合作網絡等程度中心性和中介中心性，瞭解公部門，及方案執行的地方督導團、文史工作者、第三部門、里長、熱心志工之間網絡互動之情形。研究結果發現楊梅區具備客家歷史生態等社區資產並醞釀豐富客家元素，以多元化的社區營造策略，活化地方生活圈，在公私協力間存在互信、互賴、溝通、平等之公民意識。並在推動客家文化生活環境營造協力網絡策略後，可落實社區資源調查成果，堪稱客家社區治理網絡機制運用得宜。;Yangmei district of Taoyuan city is a typical Hakka village, and one of the most important development sections for Hakka culture. Since 2003, in order to coordinate with the Hakka Affairs Council of the Executive Yuan to push the “Hakka Culture Living Environment Development Project”, the Hakka Affairs Council offer allowance for the local governments to intergraded organize the Hakka villages, keep the local Hakka villages living area, and those the residents who have gained merit to build the unique style of local Hakka villages. Both of the Hakka Art and Music Space of Bo-Gong Hill and the Educationalist of Principle Zhang Fang-Jei Former Residence Survey Project of Yangmei Story House are parts of the Hakka Culture Living Environment Development Allowance Project and located at the Yangmei city center of Hong-mei village. Under the concept of community independent development, the public private partnerships networks have created new vitality for Hakka culture because of the help of community development.
The survey through the theory of Citizen Participation and Public Private Partnerships, according to the two cases of Yangmei District of Taoyuan City, is completed by literature review, in-depth interview, and social network analysis research methods to study the effects and practice process of the partnerships network working types of interested party and promoting policy in the process of development. The case Hakka Art and Music Space of Bo-Gong Hill was completed worked in the October 2014, and the Educationalist of Principle Zhang Fang-Jei Former Residence Survey Project of Yangmei Story House are still the work station. The time that government gives a new lease of life, government use outsourcing ways to get a common view for public service, public resource connection, governance environment improvement, cooperate risk-sharing…etc. The role of government is not only the monopolizer, but also the promoter of public management. The author has really participated and observed the activities of Yangmei Story House, and the Yangmei Culture Association plays an important role to promote the Hakka culture living environment. Through the public private partnerships analysis, to analyze the degree centrality and betweenness of centrality trust network, resource network, consulting network, cooperation network…etc, and to understand the interaction situation of the public sectors, local supervisor groups for project running, culture workers, tertiary sector, chiefs of villages, and enthusiastic volunteers.
The empirical study reveals that there are community assets of Hakka history ecology and rich Hakka elements in Yangmei District, and use multicultural community development policy to act the local living circle, and to have civic awareness of mutual trust, interdependence, communication, and equality. Also, after promoting the policy of Hakka culture living environment development partnerships networks to carry out the result of community resource study and may be rated as Hakka community management network mechanism with proper use. |
