附保證投資型保險商品避險策略之探討;The Exploration of Hedging Strategy for Investment Guarantee Insurances

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题名:	附保證投資型保險商品避險策略之探討;The Exploration of Hedging Strategy for Investment Guarantee Insurances
作者:	黃啓軒;Huang, Chi-Hsuan
贡献者:	財務金融學系
关键词:	避險;二項樹;附保證投資型商品;hedging;binomial tree;investment guarantees
日期:	2018-08-16
上传时间:	2018-08-31 14:27:19 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	附保證投資型保單提供額外保證給予保戶，而對於保險公司來說保證的部分可能會承擔財物損失，因此在評價方式相當重要。為了避免可能發生的財務問題，保險公司應要了解相關避險工具的使用與方法。本研究探討避險策略對附保證投資之影響，由於許多因素會影響到建構避險策略，如保戶死亡率、保證利率、到期日等Hardy (2003)。本研究以二項樹(Binomial tree)方法模擬各附保證商品之避險，例如最低滿期給付(guaranteed minimum maturity benefit ; GMMB)、最低死亡給付(guaranteed minimum death benefit ; GMDB)及最低保證提領(guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefit ; GMWB)等，建構避險方式以Hardy (2003)將商品評價拆解為無風險部位與風險部位，並以delta避險策略來觀察各保證商品避險效率，並且與Black-Scholes方法比較。對於其他附保證商品而言以二項樹評價跟Black-Scholes評價其避險效率差不多。另一方面對於GMWB商品來說，以5年期與10年期皆為保本型的GMWB相比，以5年期保單避險效率效果較好，原因在於存續時間較長而增加長年期保單的不確定性。而改變避險頻率來看，月頻率與季頻率無太大差別，而在半年頻率來說，損失補回的能力項較於前兩者來說相對薄弱。而考量交易成本角度，對於GMWB商品來說並無太大的差別。顯示不同影響評價的因子對於避險結果來說也會產生不同變化的影響。;Investment guarantee insurances provide the insured additional guarantee for protection, but these guarantees may bring a tremendous loss for insurance company. Therefore, the construction of valuation for guarantee product is very important. To avoid this loss from guarantee, hedging strategy and instrument should be considered prudentially. Many factors affect the valuation structure such as mortality, guarantee rate, maturity. Therefore, taking some factors in consideration for valuation, we use Black-Scholes formula and binomial tree method to simulate different investment guarantees and simulate guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefit (GMWB) by tree method that GMWB could not be simulated by Black-Scholes formula. For construction of hedging, we follow Hardy (2003) to separate two parts, risk-free component and risky component, and use delta hedging to observe the effectiveness of delta hedging for different investment guarantee. For our observation, there are no significant different to investment guarantee in delta hedging by different two valuation methods. However, for GMWB, the maturity at 5 years is more effective than at 10 years. The reason is that the longer duration makes more uncertainty for hedging. In frequency of hedging for GMWB, there is no significant different between monthly and quarterly, but when frequency is half of year, the effectiveness is less powerful. Moreover, there is almost same effective in different transaction cost. These indicates that different factors affect hedging to different effects.
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