| 摘要: | 十六世紀末的朝鮮戰役，源於日本從割據的戰國時代回歸一統後，統治者的野心，新的國家發展目標與外在利益的刺激相互結合後，產生的對外擴張行動。
由豐臣秀吉領導的日本政權，發動戰爭的原因除領導者追求個人功績的精神層面，還有追求國家利益及應對社會問題的物質層面。征朝入明的想法看不切實際，但其動機實則與外在的政治情勢變化，勢力消長關係密切，也表現出中、朝、日三方，在國家層級對外部環境刺激產生的反應。
朝鮮戰役的發展，局勢並未明顯偏向任何一方，而是在轉捩點間不斷搖擺，考驗各方的應對能力。戰役初期，日本在極短時間內拿下朝鮮半島，明朝對戰況雖感到震撼，但隨即加入戰爭，戰況跟著轉變。此為第一個轉捩點，隨著戰爭持續進行，參戰雙方在朝鮮半島展開一來一往的拉鋸戰。此時確保明朝或者日本取勝的因素，並非優於對方的國力和資源，而是其戰略思考與執行，能否隨著戰況適應並修正，應對轉捩點之後的局勢。其結果可能是成功達成戰略目標，或延長達成目標的時間，甚至超過所能承受的極限，錯失勝利的機會。; The Korean campaign at the end of the sixteenth century originated from Japan`s outward expansion after the reunification of the Warring States period, the ambition of the rulers, the new national development goals and the stimulation of external interests. There is also the possibility of changing the order of East Asia. The Japanese regime led by Toyotomi Hideyoshi. The reasons for launching the Korean War are not only the spiritual level of the leader`s pursuit of personal merit, but also the material aspect of pursuing national interests and coping with social problems. The motives are closely related to the external political situation, the close relationship between the countries, and the response of the Chinese, Korean, and Japanese, to the external environment. The development of the Korean campaign, the situation is not clearly biased towards either side, but is constantly swinging between the turning points. After Japan won the Korean peninsula in a very short period of time, the Ming Dynasty was shocked by the war situation, but then joined the war and the battle situation changed. This was the first turning point in the Korean campaign. As the war continued, the two sides engaged in a tug-of-war on the Korean peninsula. At this time, the factors that ensure the victory of the Ming Dynasty or Japan are not superior to the other`s national strength and resources, but to the thinking and implementation of the strategy, whether it can adapt and correct with the situation, and solve the problems after the turning point. The result may be a successful achievement of a strategic goal, or an extension of the time to achieve the goal, even beyond the limits of what can be tolerated, missed the chance of success. |
