| 摘要: | 摘要
客家戲作為臺灣地方戲曲劇種之一，其表現藝術特色是以：一丑兩旦或一丑一旦，以男歡女愛、對唱情歌、山歌或相褒、棚頭戲的表現為原始面貌，此次本論文切重的是丑腳滑稽詼諧的表演藝術，並論述客家戲歷史分期中丑腳的表演型態的變異以及脈絡為主要探討。
再者，客家戲丑腳作為靈魂人物，表演藝術特點大抵以口語藝術、唱腔與滑稽身段為要，其口語藝術表現包括，客家俗語、諺語、俚語、師傅話、雙關語、諧語等，是客家戲丑腳最常見的幽默表現。並在一節中試圖以客家大戲文本丑腳的詼諧與滑稽語言接引「幽默」美學，並探討兩者對於滑稽與詼諧的表現比較初探，使得客家戲丑腳滑稽、戲謔語言構成美學的藝術表現。第四章以張有財的丑腳表演與傳承為探討，在整理三位中青年丑腳演員的口述稿後，分析理解外臺戲丑腳的即興表演養成特點，並以筆者自身丑腳表演多年經驗反省進行「雙軌式」探討。
綜觀研究討論分析後，梳理出客家戲丑腳表演的藝術脈絡，並且反思期許客家戲未來發展道路中，對於丑腳的表演本質藝術，如客家戲的三腳採茶小戲如何保存與薪傳，或者是結合喜劇精神等，試圖幫助客家戲丑腳在表演上，增加內涵或創新發展，有望客家戲丑腳在各個表演場域中有發展空間，盡可能挖掘客家戲丑腳表演藝術的更多可能性。
關鍵字：客家戲、丑腳、滑稽調笑、幽默、即興表演;Abstrac
As one of Taiwan′s local operas, Hakka Xiqu has its own artistic features: a clown with two female roles or a clown with a female role to tell the story about the expression of love between men and women, love songs, folk songs or praise each other, and Shack front opera. This paper focuses on the funny and humorous performing art of the clowns and discusses the variation and context of the clowns in the historical stages of Hakka Xiqu.
Moreover, as the soul figure, the clowns of Hakka Xiqu is characterized by oral art, singing, and funny body. Its oral artistic expression includes Hakka proverbs, proverbs, slang, master′s words, puns, and humorous expressions, which are the most common humorous expression of the clowns of Hakka Xiqu. In this section, the author attempts to introduce the aesthetics of "humor" with the humor and comic language of the clowns of Hakka Xiqu text, and to explore the comparison between the two in the performance of comedy, so as to make the clowns of Hakka Xiqu comical and the language of banter constitute the artistic expression of aesthetics. Chapter IV: improvisation and skills in Hakka outdoor theatre. Taking the performance and inheritance of the clowns by Zhang Youcai as an example, after sorting out the oral manuscripts of three young and middle-aged actors, the author analyses and understands the characteristics of the formation of improvisation of the clowns in the outdoor theatre, and makes a "two-track" discussion based on.
After comprehensive research, discussion and analysis, the artistic context of Hakka Xiqu’s clown performance is sorted out, and the future development of Hakka Xiqu is expected to reflect on the essential art of the performance of the clowns, such as how to preserve and pay for the three-legged Tea-Picking Opera of Hakka Xiqu, or how to combine the spirit of comedy, in an attempt to help the clowns of Hakka Xiqu in the performance, increase its connotation or innovative development, which is expected to be the clowns of Hakka Xiqu. There is room for development in various performance fields, so as to explore more possibilities of Hakka Xiqu clowns performing art as far as possible.
Keywords: Hakka-Xiqu, The clowns, Funny Jokes, Humor, Improvisation |
