| 摘要: | 由於運動風氣盛行，必然存在著運動傷害的風險，因運動傷害而受損的人體組織大多為肌腱以及肌肉，若能得知肌肉、肌腱與張力之間的關係，提供數據給醫學上作為診斷的依據，則能更方便做出精準的判斷，而此需求誘發科學家們對人體組織與張力間的好奇，因此建立了許多對人體生物組織的量測方法，使生物力學因此蓬勃發展。雖然近年來對活體量測逐漸重視，但是藉由傳統的量測方式要取得即時資訊並不容易，因此為了解決這方面的限制，更多結合成像系統的量測方法被提出並應用。
相較於傳統張力的量測方法，光聲影像系統能夠更快速取得肌肉以及肌腱組織的即時資訊。本實驗藉由1064 nm雷射作為光聲訊號的激發光源掃描二維的光聲訊號，首先利用電動平移台對肌肉以及肌腱組織施予不同的張力，觀察肌肉以及肌腱組織光聲訊號的變化，然而平移台僅能表示張力施予樣本時的伸長量，為了找出張力與伸長量間的關係，本研究利用彈簧分別量測樣本並在已知彈簧彈力係數的條件下，得到在不同伸長量的張力大小，再利用彈簧量測的結果對照光聲訊號變化與張力間的關係。
從二維光聲訊號變化可以發現，當平移台不斷拉伸樣本時，光聲訊號會逐漸降低，且肌肉及肌腱拉伸後的訊號下降程度並不相同。為了得知張力與伸長量間的關係，我們藉由彈簧進行多次量測，可觀察到肌肉及肌腱樣本所呈現的張力與伸長量的關係也不相同。在經由彈簧量測實驗結果後，我們便可得知光聲訊號與張力之間的關係，我們也對光聲訊號的下降趨勢做曲線擬合，可發現肌腱樣本較符合過去文獻中所觀察到的趨勢，但是肌肉樣本則不符合，在此推測有可能為樣本備制時所產生的差異。藉由本研究所獲得的組織張力與光聲訊號之間的關係，未來將可透過光聲影像的觀察來即時獲得肌肉及肌腱的張力資訊。
;Due to the prevalence of sports, there is bound to be a risk of sports injuries. Most human tissues damaged by sports injuries are tendons and muscles. If the relationship between muscles, tendons and tension can be known, providing data for medical diagnosis can be more convenient to make accurate judgments. This demand induces scientists to be curious about the relationship between human tissue and tension. Therefore, many methods for measuring human biological tissue have been established, which has enabled biomechanics to flourish. Although more and more attention has been paid to in vivo measurement in recent years, it is not easy to obtain real-time information through traditional measurement methods. Therefore, in order to solve this limitation, more measurement methods combined with imaging systems have been proposed and applied.
Compared with traditional tension measurement methods, the photoacoustic imaging system can obtain real-time information of muscle and tendon tissue more quickly. In this experiment, a 1064 nm laser was used as the excitation light source for the photoacoustic signal to scan the two-dimensional photoacoustic signal. First, an electric translation stage was used to apply different tensions to the muscle and tendon tissue to observe the changes in the photoacoustic signal of the muscle and tendon tissue. However, the translation stage can only indicate the elongation when the tension is applied to the sample. In order to find the relationship between the tension and the elongation, this study uses springs to measure the samples separately and obtains the different elongations under the condition of known spring coefficients. Finally, we use the spring measurement result to compare the relationship between the photoacoustic signal change and the tension.
From the changes in the two-dimensional photoacoustic signal, it can be found that when the translation stage continues to stretch the sample, the photoacoustic signal will gradually decrease, and the signal decline after muscle and tendon stretching is not the same. In order to understand the relationship between tension and elongation, we used springs to do multiple measurements. It can be observed that the relationship between tension and elongation presented by the muscle and tendon samples are different. After measuring the experimental results of the spring, we can know the relationship between the photoacoustic signal and tension. We also do curve fitting of the photoacoustic signal, and we can find that the tendon samples are more consistent with the observations in the past literature However, the muscle sample does not meet the trend, and it is speculated here that there may be a difference in sample preparation. Based on the relationship between tension and photoacoustic signals obtained in this study, it will be possible to obtain real-time muscle and tendon tension information through the observation of photoacoustic images in the future. |
