由於人類活動量不斷增加，使全球暖化情形日漸嚴重，造成世界各地氣候異常，使得近年來節能減碳意識高漲，亦開始重視改善環境惡化之問題。營建工程所產生之碳排放量一直是臺灣總碳排放量的主要部分之一，故政府持續針對不同工程推動節能減碳計畫，環保署於2015年通過「溫室氣體減量及管理法」，成為台灣第一個與氣候變遷相關之法律，以期降低施工過程中之碳排放量。為了使碳排放量計算效率提升，本研究以堤岸工程為對象，運用知識本體建模技術清楚呈現堤岸工程內各工項之碳排放量，輔助設計人員進行碳排放量推估。經分析堤岸工程案例後，將作業項目及資源項目兩大項作為知識本體的類別，分析各項機具、材料的規格、用量及碳排放係數，並使用SWRL及SQWRL推理規則建立碳排放計算規則。建立完的知識本體模型包含堤岸工程碳排放表示架構及碳排放計算推理規則，讓使用者僅需輸入作業用量即可計算工程總碳排放量。透過案例測試以及與過往碳排放計算方法進行比較，結果顯示本研究之方法雖然對於初次使用者需花時間學習，但相較其他方法，後續使用將可提升設計人員之計算效率；此外，此模式將可快速套用至其他類似工程，以降低設計階段對於排放評估所需時間。;Due to the increasing amount of human activities, global warming is becoming more and more serious, further causing climate abnormalities around the world, heightening awareness of energy saving and carbon reduction, and making people pay attention to improve environmental degradation. The carbon emissions generated by construction projects have always been one of the main parts of Taiwan ’s total carbon emissions, so the government continues to promote energy conservation and carbon reduction plans for different projects. The Environmental Protection Agency passed the “Greenhouse Gas Reduction and Management Law”in 2015, the first law related to climate change in Taiwan, with a view to reduce carbon emissions during construction. In order to improve the calculation efficiency of carbon emissions, this study takes an embankment project as the object, and applies ontological modeling technique to clearly present the carbon emissions of various work items in the embankment project for assisting designers in estimating the carbon emissions. After analyzing the embankment project case, classifications for activity and the resource items are developed in an ontology; the specifications, quantities and carbon emission coefficients of each machinery and material are then represented as class properties, and the carbon emission calculation rules are defined using SWRL and SQWRL inference rules. The built ontology model includes a carbon emission representation framework and carbon emission calculation inference rules for the embankment project, so that users only need to input the quantity of an operation to calculate the total carbon emission of a project. This model can be quickly applied to other similar projects and can be reduced the time required for the emission assessment at the design stage can be reduced.Testing and comparing with the time required for past carbon emissions calculations, proceeding to actually combine carbon emissions with the problems faced by ontology. The results show that although the method of this study takes time for first-time users to learn, compared with other methods, the use of it will improve the designer′s computing efficiency.
