1911年的辛亥革命後，中國成為繼美、法兩國之後世界上第三個成立的民主共和國家。由於列強國家在中國享有租界和通商的權利，整個戰事的進行和和談過程在國內外大報上都有報導，中國主要城市的戰場狀況、革命軍首領們和清廷代表們等照片也隨著出現在中外報紙上。由革命軍主導的報刊或是立場偏向革命軍的大報也出現不少鼓吹革命的漫畫，近來大陸學者已有不少相關的研究成果。自1900年義和團事件後，租界區洋人出版的英文漫畫就一反過去不批評中國時政的立場，開始出現諷刺清廷陳腐貪婪的政治圖像。他們秉持西方政治漫畫的標準，也敢以嘲弄光緒帝和慈禧太后的形象。在辛亥革命風雲變色時期，租界區仍是有英文政治漫畫的刊行，可惜至今尚無人深入研究。本計畫將分析立場偏向袁世凱的《中國公論西報》The National Review (1904-1916)和獨立自主的Quack (1912-1913)上對辛亥革命看法的漫畫，希望達成三個目標：(1)補足學界對圖像媒體的研究不足，(2)管窺當時在華的洋人如何透過藝術手段表達他們的看法，(3)租界區的英文漫畫是否與當時歐美的英文漫畫有異曲同工之處。 ;After the Xinhai Revolution in 1911, China became the third country, after the United States and France, to establish a democratic republic. Since the Powers of the time held concessions and special commercial rights in China, the progress of the various battles and negotiations were widely reported in the foreign and domestic newspapers, together with photographs of battle sites, revolutionary leaders, and Qing court representatives. Chinese newspapers favoring the revolutionaries also printed numerous cartoons promoting the revolution; these have attracted much recent scholarship in the mainland. The Boxer Uprising of 1900, however, had already transformed the cartoons in China’s foreign-language press. Whereas they had generally avoided criticizing Chinese politics before this, they began to satirize it thereafter, by presenting Qing officials as greedy and corrupt. While adhering to Western standards of political cartooning, they dared to poke fun of the images of the Guangxu Emperor and Dowager Empress Cixi. While the Xinhai Revolution was still under way, English-language political cartoons continued to be printed in the concessions, but unfortunately, no one has done in-depth research on these.In this project, the cartoons in the Yuan Shikai-leaning The National Review (1904-1916) and the independent periodical Quack (1912-1913) will be analyzed for their views on the Xinhai Revolution, in hope of achieving three objectives: (1) to fill in a lacuna of research on visual media; (2) to glimpse how foreigners in China at the time used artistic means to express their views; (3) to examine whether English-language cartoons from the concessions differed in any way from their counterparts in the European and American press.
