幹細胞是用於細胞治療的有吸引力的細胞來源。多能幹細胞 (PSC)，例如胚胎幹細胞 (ESC) 和誘導多能幹細胞 (iPSC)，有可能分化成源自三個胚層的任何細胞類型。然而，人 PSC (hPSCs) 治療的缺點是，應準備和儲存大量不同類型的具有特定人白細胞抗原 (HLA) I 類和 II 類類型的 hPSCs 用於患者治療。最近，通過誘導某些多能性相關基因的“強制”表達，從成人體細胞中獲得類似於 hESCs 的人類 PSCs (hPSCs)，這被稱為 iPSCs。然而，成熟的人類iPSCs（hiPSCs）的產生需要時間，而且hiPSCs需要通過測試來驗證沒有基因異常，也沒有病毒或其他病原體的污染，導致hiPSCs治療的成本很高。為了降低製備與特定患者的 HLA 類型相匹配的 hESC 和 hiPSC 的高成本，有必要開發不表達或較少表達 HLA Ia 類（HLA-A、-B 和 -C）和 II 類的 hPSC （通用或低免疫原性 hPSC）甚至在分化成特定細胞譜係後。在這裡，我報告了在沒有基因編輯的情況下從四種人類羊水來源中生成通用 hiPSCs 的方法，這些羊水是在幾種細胞外基質 (ECM) 塗層培養皿上培養的。;Stem cells are an attractive source of cells for cell therapy. Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), such as embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have the potential to differentiate into any of the cell types derived from the three germ layers. However, the disadvantage of human PSC (hPSCs) therapy is that large numbers of different types of hPSCs with specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and class II types should be prepared and banked for patient therapy. Recently, human PSCs (hPSCs) similar to hESCs were obtained from adult somatic cells by inducing "forced" expression of certain pluripotency-related genes, which is called as iPSCs. However, it takes time to generate mature human iPSCs (hiPSCs), and hiPSCs require testing to verify that there is no gene abnormality and no contamination with viruses or other pathogens, which leads to a high cost of hiPSC therapy. To reduce the high cost of preparation for hESCs and hiPSCs that match the HLA types of specific patients, it is necessary to develop hPSCs that do not or less express HLA class Ia (HLA-A, -B, and -C) and class II (universal or hypoimmunogenic hPSCs) even after differentiation into specific lineages of cells. Here I report generation method of universal hiPSCs from four sources of human amniotic fluids without gene editing, which were cultured on several extracellular matrix (ECM)-coated dishes.
