本論文提出了一個高效率及具誘因性的電子投票系統，投票結果將存儲在區塊鏈上達到去中心化投票的效果，減少被篡改的可能性。在匿名性方面，我們利用一種名為「隱身地址」的密碼學技術，讓選票內容在開票前不被他人所知，此點也針對區塊鏈智慧合約的透明性進行防護。另外，本系統也使用環簽章來驗證選票身分，以避免重複投票。我們還建立了一個使用以太坊並具備自動計票功能的投票架構，只需要候選人和選民在計票階段公佈自己的部分信息，此時本系統將發放「獎勵幣」用以鼓勵民眾參與投票，最後利用智慧合約的功能進行自動計票，並於選舉結束時公布讓民眾可以查看選舉結果。 ;In recent years, due to the epidemic and internationalization, many governments have adopted electronic voting systems, using electronic devices to conduct elections. In traditional paper voting, voters need to go to a polling place or send a letter to cast their ballots. These ballots are collected and counted by the organizers of the election, so extra time is required in the tallying process. Compared with the traditional voting system, the electronic voting system will bring more benefits. For example, voters can vote online and ballots can be processed in real-time. In addition, electronic voting can reduce personnel costs in addition to speeding up voting efficiency.
However, there are some problems with electronic voting. Common electronic voting systems use electronic devices to vote, and voting records and results are stored in a centralized database, so it easily tampers with election results. In addition, anonymity is also an important consideration when designing electronic voting. An excellent electronic voting system needs to consider the issues of "anonymity" and "avoidance of double voting" to ensure the confidentiality and validity of ballots. Therefore, we propose an efficient and fair electronic voting system with incentives. The voting results will be stored on the blockchain to achieve the merit of decentralized voting, reducing the possibility of tampering to ensure fairness. To keep the privacy of voters, the proposed scheme uses the stealth address to hide the content of the ballot while adopting the lightweight ring signature to verify the voter′s identity without traceability. Moreover, the voting system can achieve a reward mechanism for encouraging casting and self-tallying through smart contracts for better efficiency and transparency. The experiment results show that our scheme outperforms most e-voting systems.
