本論文將會利用慢波結構和等效電路模型的概念將槽孔天線做縮小化。在第一部分會先將天線設計在ISM頻段內，利用慢波結構具有較大傳播常數的特性，來達到天線縮小化的目的，並且結合天線等效電路LC諧振的觀念，利用負載形成的等效電容、電感來達到更低的諧振頻率，進而達到更微型的尺寸，並在最後成功設計出尺寸僅有0.14λ0x 0.04λ0的半導波波長共振的槽孔天線。接著再利用表面等效定理和對偶定理，將單極天線演進為四分之一導波波長共振的槽孔天線，尺寸更縮小至0.061λ0×0.04λ0。最後再利用巴特勒矩陣將其作成可切換波束的1x4天線陣列，並討論縮小化後的槽孔天線組成的天線陣列雖然增益較低，但相較於傳統的槽孔天線陣列具有較佳的隔離度，縮小化槽孔天線組成的天線陣列隔離度可以達到-20 dB左右。第二部分會基於ISM頻帶的縮小化槽孔天線為原型，將工作頻帶提高至毫米波28 GHz的頻段，由於製程對線寬線距限制，槽孔天線經縮小化後的尺寸為0.14λ0 x 0.09λ0，也將其做成可切換波束的1x4天線陣列，並且達到8.7 dBi 的增益。;In this paper, a miniaturized design of a microstrip-fed slot antenna is presented. We reduce the slot antenna size using slow-wave structures and equivalent circuit models. In the first part, the antenna will be designed to resonate at 2.45 GHz in the ISM band. Next, we use the characteristic of slow-wave structure with a larger phase constant to achieve the purpose of miniaturizing the antenna. In order to achieve a smaller size, we design a load in a slot antenna based on the concept of LC circuits, which is formed with equivalent capacitance and inductance. In the end, a half-wavelength slot antenna with a dimension of 0.14λ0 x 0.04λ0 has been successfully designed. Then, using the surface equivalence theorem and the dual theorem, the monopole antenna can be evolved into a quarter-wavelength slot antenna. Moreover, the quarter-wavelength slot antenna size has been reduced to 0.061λ0 × 0.04λ0. Finally, we use the butler matrix and miniaturized slot antennas to make a beam forming 1x4 antenna array. Additionally, we discuss the antenna array that uses miniaturized slot antennas, which has a lower gain, but better isolation than traditional slot antenna arrays. The isolation between the antenna array which is composed of miniaturized slot antennas can achieve about -20 dB. In the second part, we design a slot antenna based on the miniaturized slot antenna in the ISM band and increase the operating frequency to 28 GHz mmWave. Due to limitations of the process on line width, the slot antenna after miniaturization measures 0.14λ0 x 0.09λ0. And we also make into a beam forming 1x4 antenna array. Finally, the mmWave antenna array achieves a gain of 8.7 dBi.
