建築物拆除機具人力指派最佳化;Optimized Use of Machinery and Manpower for Building Demolishing

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题名:	建築物拆除機具人力指派最佳化;Optimized Use of Machinery and Manpower for Building Demolishing
作者:	陳文山;Chen, Wen-Shan
贡献者:	土木工程學系在職專班
关键词:	建築物拆除;區段徵收;拆除機具;最佳化;整數規劃;building demolition;zone expropriation;demolishing machinery;optimization;integer programming;LINGO
日期:	2023-07-05
上传时间:	2024-09-19 14:11:19 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	政府常以區段徵收方式辦理新都市開發建設或是舊市鎮更新，對於一定範圍內之土地及土地改良物予以徵收，並依照都市計畫內容重新規劃整理後，先由政府及原土地所有權人取得部分土地，剩餘可供建築土地則辦理公開標售、標租或設定地上權，以土地處分收入償還開發費用。然而在民眾搬離家園後，接續由工程團隊進場，首先面臨之問題即是大量建築物需要拆除，這些建築物通常有老舊、樓層低、範圍廣等特色；本研究以營造廠商承攬建築物拆除工程為例，依各工區需要拆除之建築物種類及數量，指派拆除機具及人力進場，使用整數規劃理論建構數學模式，利用電腦軟體Lingo17運算，求取總成本最佳化；並將求解結果與人工經驗指派結果進行比較，證實可節省總成本，並大幅縮減排班時間，達到省錢省力之功效。 ;New urban development projects or renewal projects of old urban units are often implemented by government in the form of zone expropriation; i.e., lands and land improvements within a certain scope are expropriated and renovated according to the urban planning projects. Some of the properties are distributed to the government and the original property owners; the rest is designated for sales or rental in public bidding or establishment of superficies while the developments are paid for using the incomes from property disposal. The first issue, however, that the engineering team has to deal with after the residents are relocated is to demolish a large number of buildings that are old, low rises and cover large footprints. For the purpose of this study, a contractor contracted for the demolishing was selected. The demolishing machinery and manpower were assigned based on the type and quantity of buildings to be demolished within the scope of work. A mathematic model was built on the theory of integer programming, and the computer program Lingo17 was introduced for total cost optimization. The resultant solution was compared with empirical assignment results and it was found that total cost savings and shorter schedules were possible. The benefits of both time and cost savings were achieved.
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