Arm Cortex-M4 物聯網物端單板電腦及其乙太網路韌體開發;Arm Cortex-M4 IoT Single Board Computer and its Ethernet Firmware Development

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题名:	Arm Cortex-M4 物聯網物端單板電腦及其乙太網路韌體開發;Arm Cortex-M4 IoT Single Board Computer and its Ethernet Firmware Development
作者:	楊中毅;Yang, Chung-Yi
贡献者:	光機電工程研究所
关键词:	物聯網;啟動載入器程式;在應用上程式設計;乙太網路;lwIP;IoT (Internet of Things);Bootloader;IAP (In-Application-Programming);Ethernet;lwIP
日期:	2023-07-24
上传时间:	2024-09-19 15:45:31 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	為促進物聯網領域的發展，本研究設計一套完整的物聯網物端開發平台，提供硬體單板電腦與軟體開發環境，以協助縮短物聯網應用的開發和部署時程。硬體單板電腦設計採用Arm Cortex-M4架構微控制器作為核心，配備NOR快閃記憶體儲存系統與乙太網路連網介面。軟體方面使用C語言開發環境，並規劃分層模組化專案架構，使用GNU GCC工具鏈與Makefile建構應用專案，並提供一系列開發輔助工具。為簡化開發流程，本研究設計在系統上程式設計 (In-System-Programming, ISP) 燒錄功能，實現主機端命令列燒錄工具與微控制器端啟動載入器程式。主要包含兩大功能：UART ISP，可透過與主機端的連接進行韌體更新；Flash IAP，透過LittleFS嵌入式檔案系統管理儲存空間，能夠從板載儲存系統載入開機程式。為賦予單板電腦連網能力，設計乙太網路實體層、媒體存取控制層驅動程式，並移植輕量化TCP/IP協議堆疊lwIP，針對TCP、UDP等協議的連網功能進行了一系列測試，驗證其連網能力，以涵蓋多種可能的應用場景，最後對乙太網路線上更新 (Ethernet OTA) 功能進行概念性驗證。 ;In order to promote the development of Internet of Things (IoT), this study designs a complete IoT development platform, which provides a hardware single board computer and a software development environment to help shorten the development and deployment time of IoT applications. The hardware single board computer is designed with Arm Cortex-M4 architecture microcontroller as the core, equipped with NOR flash memory storage system and Ethernet interface. The software uses the C language development environment, and plans a hierarchical modular project structure, using the GNU GCC toolchain and Makefile to construct application projects, and provides a series of development aids. In order to simplify the development process, this study designs the In-System-Programming (ISP) programming function, which realizes the host-side command line programming tool and the microcontroller-side bootloader program. It consists of two main functions: UART ISP, which allows firmware updating through the connection with the host side, and Flash IAP, which manages the storage space through the LittleFS embedded file system and allows the boot program to be loaded from the on-board storage system. In order to provide single board computers with networking capabilities, I designed Ethernet physical layer and media access control layer drivers, and ported lwIP, a lightweight TCP/IP protocol stack, and conducted a series of tests on TCP, UDP, and other protocols to validate their networking capabilities to cover a wide range of possible application scenarios, and finally conducted a conceptual validation of the Ethernet OTA function. Finally, the Ethernet Over-the-Top (OTA) feature was proof-of-concept.
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