核四公投的法問題;The legal issues related to the Longmen Nuclear Power Plant Referendum

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题名:	核四公投的法問題;The legal issues related to the Longmen Nuclear Power Plant Referendum
作者:	吳逸衡;Wu, Yi-Heng
贡献者:	法律與政府研究所
关键词:	核四;公投;投票自由;Longmen Nuclear Power Plant;referendum;voting freedom
日期:	2023-07-10
上传时间:	2024-09-19 15:53:10 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	本文從人民創制複決權與投票自由、程序正義以及依法行政之觀點，釐清並檢討核四公投相關法議題。我國公投制度之運作，仰賴完善的憲法與法律規範。首先，在憲法法庭原則上不接受其他訴訟類型的前提下，僅有中選會得在投票前對公投提案作低密度審查。其次，若將重大政策公投通過之法律效果解釋為無法律拘束力之督促而非強制，可以解決公投提案是否違反權力分立原則爭議；不召開聽證會並根據錯誤事實作出之處分為違法、得撤銷之行政處分，將連帶使後續公投被撤銷。再者，公投提案人之領銜人並無二次補提連署書之權利；公投利害關係人若主張其政治參與權，基於憲法及公民與政治權利國際公約的保障，應有本案訴訟之訴權。最後，政府機關在公投程序或所提政府機關意見書可以為其政策辯護，無須保持中立；政府機關有持續提供公投必要資訊義務，因此政府機關提出意見書的時間與中選會公告意見書之時間規定屬訓示規定。;From the viewpoints of the right of referendum created by people and voting freedom, procedural justice, and administration according to law, this paper clarifies and reviews the legal issues related to the Longmen Nuclear Power Plant Referendum. The operation of Taiwan’s referendum system depends on the perfect constitution and legal norms. First of all, on the premise that the Constitutional Court does not accept other types of litigation in principle, only the election committee can conduct a low-density review of the referendum proposal before voting. Secondly, if the legal effect of a major policy referendum is interpreted as non-legally binding supervision rather than compulsion, the dispute over whether the referendum proposal violates the principle of separation of powers can be resolved; If a hearing is not held and an administrative sanction is made according to the wrong facts, which is illegal and revocable, the subsequent referendum will be revoked. Furthermore, the leader of the referendum sponsor does not have the right to supplement the countersignature twice; If the interested parties in the referendum claim their right to participate in politics, they should have the right to sue in this case based on the protection of the Constitution and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. Finally, government agencies can defend their policies in the referendum process or the submissions of government agencies, without being neutral; Government agencies have the obligation to continuously provide the necessary information for the referendum, so the time for government agencies to make submissions and the time for the election meeting to announce submissions are training regulations.
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