桃園大溪地方活動之演進與轉型;The Evolution and Transformation of Local Events in Taoyuan′s Daxi

NCUIR > College of Hakka Studies > The Executive Master Program of Hakka Studies > Electronic Thesis & Dissertation > Item 987654321/92551

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Title:	桃園大溪地方活動之演進與轉型;The Evolution and Transformation of Local Events in Taoyuan′s Daxi
Authors:	賴玉瑱;Lai, Yu-Chen
Contributors:	客家語文暨社會科學學系客家研究碩士在職專班
Keywords:	桃園大溪;地方活動;活動功能;觀光休閒體驗;兩蔣相關;運動賽事;客家;Daxi, Taoyuan;events;function of events;tourism and leisure experiences;events related to Chiang Kai-shek and Chiang Ching-kuo;sports events;Hakka
Date:	2023-07-22
Issue Date:	2024-09-19 15:55:39 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	國立中央大學
Abstract:	綜觀節慶發展過程，地方如何將節慶活動演變為新興節慶，並賦予新的活動價值與意義，至今在研究領域上仍未有太多的討論。對於節慶活動在形態、功能上的轉變探討，經常流於以靜態方式透過單一地方活動認定活動類型的轉化後亦僅屬於某種特定類型，而忽略節慶活動其實是多元關係交互下所產生的動態結果。節慶活動在演變過程中，同時涵蓋著各種類型的存在，在時間、空間、地方的影響下交織著各個層面複雜樣態。為了進一步理解地方如何透過節慶活動動態的演進過程，克服以往靜態的研究，本研究將以Getz在2012提出的「Event Studies」為基礎，並從人類學社會學等古典論述角度，讓節慶活動從表面抽象模糊的內涵中，鮮明的展現出來。大溪開發甚早，在河運年代即為集人文、經濟、政治於一身的發展重鎮，在傳統節慶上擁有北臺灣最大關聖帝君社頭繞境儀式為代表，在族群議題上同時具有「客家化」現象，於此多重轉變所創造出來的之深沉意涵與價值，讓本研究得以透過各種節慶類型而呈現出來，指出以往在節慶討論上，無法呈現的互動關係演進與轉化層面。因此，希望透過本研究觀點探討，開啟對節慶活動與地方社會關係全面性動態的發掘方向，作為往後研究的參考藍本。本研究運用質性內容分析法與論述分析法研究取徑，針對節慶活動在地方上的演進與轉變再創過程中所牽涉到的複雜關係進行探討。透過本研究將一一揭露，地方社會如何運用不同節慶活動類型推展地方價值與認同，創造經濟與改變地景，「節慶活動」並非僅止於參與其中的靜態意義，而是攸關地方發展的動態呈現。本研究進一步發現：一、因應地方上的觀光休閒需求產生出新的重要功能－－凝視與體驗功能。二、兩蔣對大溪地區而言便是其他地方無可取代的地方上優勢資產，長達七十年間扮演極為重要的關鍵地位。三、大溪地區石門水庫案例提供我們有利證據說明臺灣觀光發展起源甚早，並非遲至2000年後國家觀光政策推展才發生。四、Urry（2016）具個人主義色彩的浪漫凝視在臺灣並沒有完整的資料可以呈現出來。五、客家活動的辦理，目前大多通過觀光休閒體驗類型與美食品嚐型態辦理，成為僅以「客家」為名稱所辦理的觀光休閒體驗或美食體驗類型。六、活動規劃者經常與傳統節日相結合產生新的效果，形成帶動人潮用來滿足人們凝視和體驗的需求。七、臺灣有許多活動其實最開端是由民間地方團體或商業組織開始展現出來，發展到最後才慢慢轉變為政府所主導。 ;Looking at the development of festivals, there has been limited discussion in the research field regarding how local communities transform traditional festivals into emerging ones and imbue them with new values and meanings. The exploration of the transformation of events in terms of their forms and functions often remains static, focusing solely on the specific types resulting from the transition of a single local event, while neglecting the dynamic outcomes generated by the complex interactions among various types of festival activities. Throughout the evolution of festival activities, various types coexist and intertwine on different levels, influenced by factors such as time, space, and locality, resulting in intricate patterns. In order to gain a deeper understanding of how local communities dynamically evolve through festival activities and overcome the limitations of previous static studies, this research will draw upon Getz′s "Event Studies" framework proposed in 2012, and incorporate perspectives from disciplines such as anthropology and sociology to reveal the distinct essence of festivals that often appears abstract and ambiguous. Daxi, having a long history of development as a cultural, economic, and political center since the era of river transportation, possesses the largest Guan Sheng Di Jun (God of War) procession in northern Taiwan, representing its traditional festivals. Additionally, it exhibits the phenomenon of "Hakka-ization" concerning ethnic issues. The profound implications and values generated by these multiple transformations will be presented in this study through various festival types, shedding light on the interactive evolution and transformation aspects that were previously absent in festival discussions. Therefore, it is hoped that this research perspective will open up a comprehensive and dynamic exploration of the relationship between festival activities and local communities, serving as a blueprint for future studies. This research employs qualitative content analysis and discourse analysis as research approaches to investigate the complex relationships involved in the evolution and transformation processes of local festival activities. Through this study, it will uncover how local communities utilize different types of festival activities to promote local values and identity, create economic development, and transform the local landscape. "Festival activities" are not limited to their static meanings derived from participation but are dynamically interconnected with local development. Furthermore, this research reveals the following findings: 1. Local tourism and leisure demands have generated a new important function - the gaze and experience function. 2. For the Daxi area, the presence of the Chiang Kai-shek and Chiang Ching-kuo holds an irreplaceable advantage over other places, playing a crucial and key role for a period of seventy years. 3. The case of the Shimen Reservoir in the Daxi area provides us with favorable evidence that demonstrates the early origins of tourism development in Taiwan, which occurred well before the national tourism policy was implemented after the year 2000. 4. The individualistic romantic gaze, as proposed by Urry (2016), is not prominently manifested in Taiwan. 5. The organization of Hakka activities in Taiwan is predominantly carried out through tourism and leisure experiences or food-tasting activities, falling under the category of tourism and leisure experiences or food experiences under the name "Hakka." 6. Event planners often combine traditional festivals to create new effects, attracting crowds to satisfy people′s gaze and experience. 7. Many activities in Taiwan actually originated from local folk groups or commercial organizations and gradually transitioned to government-led initiatives in their development process.
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