相位控制多元主動調諧質量阻尼器於結構減震性能評估之數值模擬分析

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题名:	相位控制多元主動調諧質量阻尼器於結構減震性能評估之數值模擬分析
作者:	何姍宸;Ho, Shan-Chen
贡献者:	土木工程學系
关键词:	多元調諧質量阻尼器;主動控制;相位控制;最佳化設計;濾波器設計;部分失效;Multiple tuned mass dampers;active control;phase control;optimal design;filter design;partial failure
日期:	2024-07-29
上传时间:	2024-10-09 14:48:09 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	本研究旨在開發新型多元主動調諧質量阻尼器，以提高建築結構在地震作用下的安全性和穩定性。提出了相位控制多元主動調諧質量阻尼器（Phase Control–Multiple Active Tuned Mass Dampers, PC-MATMDs），並根據所需量測的輸出值，將主動控制律分為兩種：一種是結構相對地表位移回饋的相位控制多元主動調諧質量阻尼器（Phase Control Displacement feedback–Multiple Active Tuned Mass Dampers, PCD-MATMDs）；另一種是結構絕對加速度回饋的相位控制多元主動調諧質量阻尼器（Phase Control Acceleration feedback–Multiple Active Tuned Mass Dampers, PCA-MATMDs）。PC-MATMDs系統由多個小型的主動調諧質量阻尼器組成，取代了傳統結構主動控制中常見的單一大型ATMD設置。這種多元化的小型ATMD配置能夠降低各別ATMD的機構尺寸和致動器出力需求，使設計、製造和安裝過程更加簡便。本文提出PCD-MATMDs與PCA-MATMDs兩種相位控制律，PCD-MATMDs計算相位控制力時，控制力之配置矩陣無耦合情況產生可獨立計算，但PCA-MATMDs所需量測結構絕對加速度訊號易受高頻雜訊干擾，因此需要設計一濾波器，且系統結合濾波器時設計濾波器前饋係數為0，讓各顆PCA-MATMDs的控制力可以獨立計算。本研究將PCD-MATMDs與PCA-MATMDs最佳化設計分成兩階段，首先對被動元件參數進行最佳化，然後在此基礎上進行相位控制之增益矩陣的最佳化計算，且兩階段皆是利用直接輸出回饋進行最佳化設計。本文對加裝質量比相當的單顆ATMD與多顆MATMDs進行了數值模擬分析，結果表明，多顆MATMDs能夠達到與單顆ATMD相當的減震效果，同時有效降低控制力需求。此外，還採用了頻率反應函數和地震歷時數值模擬分析，即使部分PC-MATMDs發生失效，剩餘的PC-MATMDs仍能保持一定的減震效果，確保系統的穩定性和持續性能。最後，進行相位控制力的增益矩陣與時間延遲的穩定性分析。在增益矩陣的穩定性分析中，結果顯示振幅比與增益係數均有一定的餘裕；在時間延遲的穩定性分析中，PC-MATMDs的最大延遲時間中之最小值為0.02秒，如果致動器所產生之時間延遲不超過此值時，系統穩定性就不會受影響。;This study aims to develop a novel type of multiple active tuned mass dampers (MATMDs) to enhance the safety and stability of building structures under seismic activity. We propose a phase control multiple active tuned mass damper (PC-MATMD) system and categorize the active control laws into two types based on the required measured outputs: one is the phase control displacement feedback-multiple active tuned mass dampers (PCD-MATMDs), which uses the feedback of the structure’s relative displacement to the ground; the other is the phase control acceleration feedback-multiple active tuned mass dampers (PCA-MATMDs), which uses the feedback of the structure’s absolute acceleration. The PC-MATMD system consists of multiple small active tuned mass dampers, replacing the single large ATMD typically seen in traditional structural active control. This diversified small ATMD configuration can reduce the size of each individual ATMD and the actuation force required, simplifying the design, manufacturing, and installation processes.This article proposes two phase control laws, PCD-MATMD and PCA-MATMD. When PCD-MATMD calculates the phase control force, the configuration matrix of the control force is uncoupled and can be calculated independently. However, the absolute acceleration signal of the measurement structure required by PCA-MATMD is susceptible to high-frequency noise interference. Therefore, a filter needs to be designed, and when the system combines the filter, the feedforward coefficient of the filter is designed to be 0, so that the control force of each PCA-MATMD can be calculated independently.This study divides the optimization design of PCD-MATMD and PCA-MATMD into two stages. Firstly, the passive component parameters are optimized, and then the gain matrix of phase control is optimized based on this. Both stages utilize direct output feedback for optimization design. This article conducts numerical simulation analysis on single ATMD and multiple MATMDs with equivalent mass ratios. The results show that multiple MATMDs can achieve equivalent shock absorption effects as a single ATMD, while effectively reducing control force requirements. In addition, frequency response functions and numerical simulation analysis of earthquake duration were also used. Even if some PC-MATMDs fail, the remaining PC-MATMDs can still maintain a certain damping effect, ensuring the stability and sustained performance of the system.Finally, stability analysis is performed on the gain matrix of phase control force and time delay. In the stability analysis of the gain matrix, the results show that there is a certain margin between the amplitude ratio and the gain coefficient; in the stability analysis of time delay, the minimum value of the maximum delay time of PC-MATMDs is 0.02 seconds. If the time delay generated by the actuator does not exceed this value, the system stability will not be affected.
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