| 摘要: | 為了避免長期陽光照射引起的皮膚損傷和皮膚癌，使用防曬產品非常重要。二苯甲酮類化合物（Benzophenones, BPs）為主要的防曬成分，由於此類化合物可以吸收紫外線，因此被廣泛應用於個人護理產品和包裝中，以防止皮膚或產品受到紫外線的傷害和降解。然而，近年來許多研究發現，BPs在環境中具有累積性和持久性，會對生態系統產生不利影響，可能造成動物內分泌、生殖等功能失調性疾病。
在本研究中，我們開發了一種交聯聚離子液體作為吸附劑材料，用於分散式微固相萃取（Dispersive micro solid phase extraction, DmSPE）方法來檢測環境水樣中的防曬乳成分BPs之殘留。此吸附劑是具有疏水特徵結構的咪唑基聚離子液體，其在水中和高溫下均能保持穩定。透過交聯後的吸附劑可增強其吸附能力，並具有更好的萃取效率，從而有效的萃取環境水樣中防曬乳成分BPs之殘留。接著採用超高效液相層析電噴灑游離(+)-四極桿飛行時間式質譜儀(UHPLC-ESI(+)-QTOF-MS)進行鑑定和定量，訊雜比藉由高解析度汲取離子層析圖(hrXIC)模式增加。
再以實驗設計Box-Behnken Design（BBD）分析對DmSPE方法進行最佳化，最佳化條件為：選用25.0 mg的聚離子液體P(C12VImPF6)DVB為吸附劑材料，加入至10 mL水樣中，Vortex萃取吸附5分鐘，離心5分鐘，脫附溶劑為1 mL 70%甲醇，Vortex脫附1分鐘，然後吹氮濃縮至0.1 mL，最後將3 μL萃取物注入UHPLC-QTOF-MS進行分析。萃取方法的精密度（RSD）均小於5%，spiked萃取回收率介於62%至148%之間，R2線性相關係數皆大於0.9956，顯示此方法具有良好的重複性、準確度和線性關係。此方法的檢測極限（LOD）和定量極限（LOQ）分別在0.1至0.3 ng/mL和0.4至1.5 ng/mL之間。;In order to avoid skin damage and skin cancer caused by long-term sun exposure, it is very important to use sunscreen products. Benzophenones (BPs) are the main sunscreen ingredients because these compounds can absorb ultraviolet radiations, so they are widely used in personal care products and packaging to prevent skin or products from being harmed and degraded by ultraviolet radiations. However, in recent years, many studies have found that BPs are cumulative and presistent in the environment, and have adverse effects on the ecosystem, thereby possibly affecting animals endocrine, reproductive and other dysfunctional diseases.
In this study, we developed a cross-linked poly ionic liquid as an adsorbent material for the dispersive micro-solid extraction (DmSPE) method to extract BPs residues in environmental water samples. An imidazole-based polyionic liquid with a hydrophobic characteristic structure was prepared, which can be stable in water and at high temperatures. After cross-linking, the adsorbent can be significantly strengthened and have more powerful extraction efficiency, therefore effectively extracting BPs residues from environmental water samples. Then, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization(+)-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UHPLC-ESI(+)-QTOF-MS) was applied for identification and quantification, and the signal-to-noise ratio was increased through high-resolution extraction ion chromatograms (hrXIC) technique.
The DmSPE method was then optimized by experimental design Box-Behnken Design (BBD) analysis, the optimization conditions were: using 25.0 mg poly ionic liquid P(C12VImPF6)DVB as the adsorbent material, added to 10 mL water sample, and vortex for 5 minutes for extraction, centrifuged for 5 minutes, the desorption solvent was 1 mL of 70% methanol, vortex for 1 minute for desorption, then concentrated to 0.1 mL by nitrogen blowing, and finally 3 μL of the extract was injected into UHPLC-QTOF-MS for analysis. The precision (RSD) of the extraction method was all less than 5%, the extraction recoveries was between 62% and 148%, the linearities of R2 was large than 0.9956, indicating good repeatability, accuracy, and linearity of the method. The limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) of the method ranged between 0.10.3 ng/mL and 0.41.5 ng/mL, respectively. |
