適用於唇形辨識之改良式主動形狀模型匹配演算法

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姓名

余幸娟(Hsing-Chuan Yu) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

通訊工程學系

論文名稱

適用於唇形辨識之改良式主動形狀模型匹配演算法
(Improved Active Shape Models Fitting Algorithm for Lip Contour Recognition)

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摘要(中)

主動形狀模型(Active Shape Models，簡稱ASMs)是一種描繪物件形狀的統計模型。ASMs中包含了一個平均形狀及一組形狀變異模式(shape variation modes)，且利用平均形狀與形狀變異模式之線性組合，在疊代過程中逐次變化模型，使其能與目標影像相符。由於最佳模型參數可精確地合成出目標物件之外形，因此如何搜尋並找出測試影像之最佳模型參數，為辨識相關應用之前的重要步驟。
在本論文中，我們提出一個新的主動形狀模型匹配演算法(ASMs fitting algorithm)，此演算法包含了三部分。第一部分提供初始模板的選擇，且此部分可使ASMs由較佳的初始形狀開始搜尋。第二部分則以計算相關度的方式，提出新的目標函數(objective function)，以判斷系統是否收斂。在第三部分，我們在搜尋之前先訓練一參照表(reference table)，並且使用此參照表於搜尋階段更新模型參數。相較於原始ASMs，我們的演算法降低了23.60%的形狀誤差，增加41.38%(約1.1秒)的搜尋時間。與原始AAMs相比，我們的演算法降低了18.76% 的形狀誤差，並且也減少了59.58% (約5.4秒)的搜尋時間。而與robust AAMs相比，我們的演算法降低了16.98% of形狀誤差，且減少90.98% (約37.3秒)的搜尋時間。

摘要(英)

Active shape models (ASMs) are the statistical models for representing the shapes of objects. ASMs include a mean shape and a set of shape variation modes, and iteratively deform to fit the target image with linear combination of the mean shape and the variation modes. Because the optimal model parameters can exactly synthesize the shapes of target objects, how to search and find out the optimal model parameters of test images is an important step before recognition.
In this paper, we propose a novel ASMs fitting algorithm which includes three parts. In the first part, it provides initial modes selection, and it could make the ASMs search from better initial shapes. The second part proposes a novel objective function where the convergence of the system is determined based on the correlation coefficient. The last part, we train a reference table before search, and update the model parameters with the reference table during the search process. Compare with the original ASMs, our algorithm reduces 23.60% of the shape error, and increases 41.38% (about 1.1s) of search time. Compare with the original AAMs, our algorithm reduces18.76% of the shape error, and reduces 59.58% (about 5.4s) of search time. Compare with the robust AAMs, our algorithm reduces 16.98% of the shape error, and reduces 90.98% (about 37.3s) of search time.

關鍵字(中)

★ 唇形辨識
★ 主動形狀模型
★ 匹配演算法

關鍵字(英)

★ active shape model
★ lip recognition
★ fitting algorithm

論文目次

目錄
謝誌 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
第一章緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機 1
1.3 研究方法 2
1.4 論文架構 3
第二章主動形狀模型 4
2.1 建立主動形狀模型 4
2.1.1 形狀正規化 (Shape Alignment) 4
2.1.2 主成分分析(Principle Component Analysis) 9
2.1.3 主動形狀模型建模 11
2.2 主動形狀模型搜尋 15
2.2.1 參數疊代 (Parameters Updating) 15
2.2.2 目標函數(Objective Function) 18
2.3 主動形狀模型演算法現況 18
2.4 結論 19
第三章主動外觀模型 20
3.1 建立主動外觀模型 20
3.1.1 形狀模型(Shape Models) 21
3.1.2 紋理模型(Texture Models) 21
3.1.2.1 紋理正規化 21
3.1.2.2 建立紋理模型 23
3.1.3 合併式外觀模型(Combined AAMs) 25
3.2 主動外觀模型搜尋演算法(AAMs Search Algorithm) 26
3.2.1 參數疊代(Parameter Updating) 27
3.2.2 目標函數(Objective Function) 29
3.3 合併主動形狀模型(ASMs)與主動外觀模型(AAMs) 29
3.4 結論 31
第四章改良式主動形狀模型 32
4.1 改良式主動形狀模型前處理 33
4.1.1 離線訓練(Off-line Training) 33
4.1.2 線上搜尋(On-line Search) 34
4.2 目標函數(Objective Function) 36
4.3 參數更迭(Parameter Updating) 36
4.3.1 離線訓練(Off-line Training) 36
4.3.1.1 相關樣板(Correlated Patterns) 36
4.3.1.2 參照表(Reference Table) 38
4.3.2 線上搜尋(On-line Search) 41
4.4 結論 46
第五章實驗結果 48
5.1 實驗設定 48
5.1.1 實驗模擬環境 48
5.1.2 測試影像資料庫 48
5.1.3 參數設定 49
5.1.3.1 離線訓練(Off-line Training) 49
5.1.3.2 邊緣圖 50
5.2 效能評估 50
5.2.1 初始模板效能 51
5.2.2 目標函數效能 55
5.2.1 參照表效能評估 56
5.2.2 改良式匹配演算法效能評估 60
5.3 總結 64
第六章結論與未來展望 65
參考文獻 66
Publications 68

參考文獻

參考文獻
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指導教授

唐之瑋(Chih-Wei Tang)

審核日期

2010-7-26

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