非同調非災難的籬柵編碼調變

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姓名

黃彰智(Chang-Chih Huang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

電機工程學系

論文名稱

非同調非災難的籬柵編碼調變
(Noncoherently Non-Catastrophic Trellis-CodedModulation)

相關論文

★ 多層次時空編碼	★ 具有快速改變載波相位之籬柵編碼MPSK 的非同調解碼
★ 籬柵編碼正交振幅調變的非同調解碼	★ 用於非同調解碼之多層次編碼調變
★ 用於具延遲/迴旋處理器之籬柵碼的超籬柵解碼	★ 么正空間時間籬柵碼之解碼演算法
★ 由多層次編碼所架構之非同調碼	★ 用於非同調檢測之與空時區塊碼連結的區塊編碼調變
★ 用於正交分頻多工系統具延遲處理器的空時碼	★ 用於非同調區塊編碼MPSK之A*解碼演算法
★ 在塊狀衰退通道上的籬柵么正空時調變	★ 用於非同調區塊編碼MPSK之Chase演算法
★ 使用決定回授檢測之相差空時調變的一種趨近同調特性	★ 具延遲處理器的空時碼之軟式輸入輸出遞迴解碼
★ 用於非同調區塊編碼MPSK的最大可能性解碼演算法	★ 具頻寬效益之非同調調變

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摘要(中)

籬柵編碼調變是一個結合編碼與調變的技術，他可以在不增加頻寬的情況下，提供有效率的數位傳輸。在1987年Ungerboeck提出設計籬柵編碼調變的準則，根據此準則得到的籬柵碼，都有相當好的錯誤效能，但是此架構只適用於同調的環境，若為非同調環境，由Ungerboeck所提出的碼將會變成非同調的災難碼。
過去非同調的籬柵碼都需要特別設計，才可以避免災難碼的產生，在本篇論文中，我們提出一個一般化的架構，將一個特別設計過的差分編碼器置於Ungerboeck提出的籬柵編碼調變的編碼器之前，如此一來，不管籬柵編碼調變的編碼器產生的是何種碼，此架構都是一個非同調的非災難碼架構。本篇論文中，我們設計各種星座圖的非同調非災難碼架構，包括MPSK、QAM、TAPSK及APSK。模擬結果顯示，使用一樣的碼，我們所設計的架構，其錯誤效能都優於傳統的籬柵編碼架構。隨著星座圖中點數的上升，我們設計的架構所獲得的優勢也越來越少，因此，在接收端，我們也利用演算法設計新的差分編碼器，根據電腦模擬顯示，錯誤效能可以進一步提升，最後，一個結合差分編碼與籬柵編碼調變的超級籬柵解碼也被提出，此為一最大可能性的解碼器，雖然複雜度上升，其錯誤效能也因此在進一步提升。
在第一章中，我們回顧由Ungerboeck所提出的籬柵編碼調變，在同調的加成性的白高斯雜訊通道，這是一個最佳的編碼調變架構，我們在這章中，會敘述甚麼是非同調的災難碼，同時也回顧非同調籬柵編碼調變的技術。
在第二章中，我們提出針對MPSK星座圖的非同調非災難碼架構，此架構可以使用Ungerboeck所提出的碼，且在非同調環境下具有更好的錯誤效能，我們也根據非同調距離去做碼搜尋，得到更好的碼，模擬結果可以證實我們的架構確實有較好的錯誤效能。
在第三章中，我們將第二章的非同調非災難碼架構做一個一般化的呈現，只要滿足四個假設，則不管星座圖為MPSK或是QAM，設計出來的碼都是非同調非災難碼，在這一章中，我們也敘述此架構也適用於多維度的籬柵編碼調變。
在第四章中，我們利用一個演算法去改善我們的非同調非災難碼架構中的差分編碼器，並在接收端提出結合差分編碼器與籬柵編碼調變的解碼器的超級籬柵解碼器，錯誤效能可以大幅下降。
在最後一章中，我們對本篇論文的研究結果做一個總結，討論此篇論文研究的未來發展。

摘要(英)

In this dissertation, firstly, we propose a novel bandwidth-efficient noncoherent trelliscoded
MPSK scheme, in which a particularly-designed differential encoder is added in
front of the trellis encoder. With this differential encoder, trellis-coded MPSK proposed
by Ungerboeck is no longer noncoherently catastrophic and thus achieves better error
performance. Moreover, new trellis codes which, for the proposed scheme, have better bit
error rates than Ungerboeck’s codes are found by computer searches.
Secondly, we propose a general noncoherently non-catastrophic trellis-coded modulation
scheme, in which the transmitter includes a differential encoder, a rotator, an inverse
signal mapper, a convolutional encoder and a signal mapper. We present examples of
the proposed scheme including MPSK (M-ary phase shift keying), QAM (quadratureamplitude
modulation), and TAPSK (twisted amplitude and phase shift keying). For
trellis-coded QAM, a differential encoder with which the complexity of the proposed
scheme can be reduced is proposed. We also modify the proposed two-dimensional trelliscoded
modulation to be multi-dimensional noncoherently non-catastrophic trellis-coded
modulation. Simulation results demonstrate that for noncoherent decoding, the proposed
trellis-coded QAM has much better error performance than conventional trellis-coded
QAM, and the proposed trellis-coded 16APSK outperforms trellis-coded 16QAM for short
observation length.
We use the simplest algorithm, called BDFA, in the receiver side. In 8PSK constellation,
the simulation results are better than Ungerboeck’s scheme. The advantage of
our scheme decreases when the size of constellation increases. Therefore, we use algoi
rithm to modify the specific differential decoder to improve the BER of our proposed
scheme. Finally, a combined trellis decoder is proposed. This decoder improves the BER
performance, further.

關鍵字(中)

★ 相差編碼
★ 籬柵編碼調變
★ 災難碼
★ 非同調

關鍵字(英)

★ noncoherent
★ catastrophic code
★ trellis-coded modulation
★ differential encoding

論文目次

1 Introduction 1
1.1 Coherent Trellis-Coded Modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Noncoherent Trellis-Coded Modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3 Chapter Arrangement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2 Noncoherently Non-Catastrophic Trellis-Coded MPSK 5
2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.2 Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.3 Noncoherent Decoding and Distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.4 Proposed Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.5 Concluding Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3 Noncoherently Non-Catastrophic Trellis-Coded Modulation 23
3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.2 General Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.3 Specific Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.3.1 MPSK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.3.2 QAM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3.3.3 TAPSK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
3.4 Simulation Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.5 Multi-Dimensional Trellis Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
3.6 Concluding Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
iii
4 Differential Encoder by a Look-Up Table for Noncoherently Non-Catastrophic
Trellis-Coded 32QAM 44
4.1 Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
4.2 Review of Differential Encoding by a Look-Up Table . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
4.2.1 The First Algorithmto Arrange Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
4.2.2 The Second Algorithmto Arrange Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
4.3 32-QAMUsingModified Differential Encoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
4.4 Combined Decoder in Receiver Side . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
4.5 Simulation Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
4.6 Concluding Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
5 Conclusions and Future Works

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指導教授

魏瑞益(Ruey-Yi Wei)

審核日期

2011-1-24

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