協作式通訊於超寬頻通訊系統之設計

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姓名

曹博堯(Po-Yao Tsao) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

電機工程學系

論文名稱

協作式通訊於超寬頻通訊系統之設計
(Design of Cooperative Communication in Ultra Wide Band Systems)

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摘要(中)

超寬頻擁有廣袤的頻寬，深具高速傳輸之潛力，然其嚴峻的功率頻譜密度限制，
使得超寬頻的設計更具挑戰，要達到高速傳輸必頇克服雜訊問題，為了克服雜訊問題，
本論文將協作通訊引入超寬頻系統，以協作方式裝置彼此共享天線，利用多樣性達到
降低雜訊之目的。透過文獻探討，本論文深入探討超寬頻系統下多收發機的協作策略。
我們提出新的協作傳輸模式，讓時頻譜使用率能趨近 100%。考量遊戲理論用在協作系
統的網路協定，我們提出協作成本的概念與兼職協作的可能，讓中繼裝置納入階層調
變的設計以便讓系統在遊戲理論的框架下呈現更多彈性。此外，於單收發機裝置的接
收機架構上，我們提出了疊代維納濾波器演算法用於通道估測，除了證實理論上其估
測精準度可以超越最小均方差外，也提出了為實務考量設計的硬體簡化版本。最後，
將通道估測、全職/兼職協作於各種情況底下分析理論效能，並透過程式模擬，證實實
驗結果與理論吻合，顯示在適當條件下，協作通訊能大幅改善系統效能。

摘要(英)

Ultra-wide band (UWB) has huge amount of bandwidth and thus is highly potential in
giga-bit data rate transmission. However, to avoid conflict with other existing standard in
the same spectrum, UWB’ emit power is restricted under a very low level (almost noise
level compare to 802.11n). So the noise problem would be the key point of UWB transceiver
design and thus is the main issue of this thesis. To solve this problem, we apply cooperative
communication into UWB to form a multi device communication system. The basic idea of
cooperative communication is to share antennas to gain diversity between devices in each
with only one antenna. This thesis will discuss the UWB cooperation strategy in literatures
mentioned. Not only propose a new cooperation strategy, but also we step forward taking
the advanced issue into consideration when designing the UWB cooperation system. The
proposed cooperation strategy can achieve almost 100% time-spectrum utilization. Besides,
based on game theory, the cooperation cost concept is introduced. This concept will indeed
affect how the relay to make a decision to join cooperation network under the game theory
framework. Considering the cooperation cost, the partial cooperation scheme is also
proposed for a more flexible cooperation system. In addition to single transceiver system,
the iterative Wiener filter algorithm is proposed for channel estimation. In the last,
cooperative network and channel estimation algorithm is analyzed and simulated.
Simulation result shows that the performance gains a significant benefit with our proposal.

關鍵字(中)

★ 超寬頻
★ 協作通訊
★ 遊戲理論
★ 疊代維那濾波

關鍵字(英)

★ iterative wiener filter
★ game theory
★ ultra-wide band
★ cooperative communication

論文目次

3
目錄
1. 導論........................................................................................................................... 8
1.1 動機............................................................................................................... 8
1.2 緒論............................................................................................................... 8
1.3 章節架構..................................................................................................... 10
2. 超寬頻技術............................................................................................................. 11
2.1 前言............................................................................................................. 11
2.2 UWB 通道模型 ........................................................................................... 13
2.3 UWB 實體層方案 ....................................................................................... 18
2.3.1 直接序列展頻 ................................................................................... 18
2.3.2 多頻帶正交分頻多工 ....................................................................... 19
2.4 ECMA-368 標準概述 .................................................................................. 20
2.4.1 頻帶組成 ........................................................................................... 20
2.4.2 時頻跳頻碼(Time-Frequency Code, TFC) .......................................... 21
2.4.3 訊框格式(Frame Format) .................................................................. 22
2.4.4 資料傳輸率相關的參數 ................................................................... 24
2.4.5 OFDM 調變 ........................................................................................ 25
3. 通道估測................................................................................................................. 29
3.1 簡介與文獻探討......................................................................................... 29
3.2 接收端架構................................................................................................. 31
3.2.1 維納濾波器介紹 ............................................................................... 35
3.2.2 維納濾波器用在超寬頻 ................................................................... 36
3.2.3 疊代維納濾波器(Iterative Wiener filter, IWF) .................................. 40
4. 協作通訊................................................................................................................. 46 4.1 簡介............................................................................................................. 46
4.2 文獻探討..................................................................................................... 49
4.3 多收發機系統概述..................................................................................... 50
4.4 最大比例結合演算法................................................................................. 55
4.5 效能分析..................................................................................................... 57
4.6 實驗模擬..................................................................................................... 61
5. 結論......................................................................................................................... 65
參考文獻......................................................................................................................... 66

參考文獻

66
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指導教授

蔡佩芸(Pei-Yun Tsai)

審核日期

2011-8-24

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