博碩士論文 974206027 詳細資訊




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姓名 江偉銘(Wei-ming Chiang)  查詢紙本館藏   畢業系所 工業管理研究所
論文名稱 具途程彈性之分區揀貨系統的揀貨作業探討
(Flexible Totes Rerouting-Allowed Conveyor System for Zone Order Picking Operation)
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摘要(中) 近年來由於經濟的全球化、貿易的自由化以及國家經濟架構與社會需求改變等因素的催化,企業的型態也跟著起了重大的變化,以往企業都只專注於自身內部問題的改善,但隨著競爭環境日益激烈,生存條件日益嚴苛,著重企業自身的改善已無法增加生存的優勢,因此企業也開始重視企業與企業之間的供需問題,而此問題演化至今即為今日我們所熟悉的供應鍊管理。供應鍊管理的層面包含極廣,包含產品的定價、銷售策略以及物流的策略模式都是其所探討的範圍,而其中物流的相關議題更是成為全球企業一致關注的焦點,因為物流系統架構的完整性以及整合的效率將會大大影響企業供應鏈的成效表現。
隨著環境的改變,以及消費者需求的多樣化,使得物流中心每天都必須處理許多訂單,而大多數的物流中心仍然以大量的人力進行揀貨作業,由此可知揀貨作業是項重要且繁雜的工作,能否在合理時間內完成揀貨作業、增快貨品流通速度並避免不必要的成本支出,讓商品能快速的運送到顧客手中,將直接影響物流中心的營運成本與顧客滿意度的高低。為了更有效率的處理揀貨作業,如何規劃揀貨作業的程序進行以達到提高效率的目的,對於物流中心的營運績效、經營成本有著顯著的影響。
本研究所探討的問題屬於物流中心內部之揀貨作業研究,針對分區揀貨議題進行探討,藉由提出一個具備途程彈性的揀貨作業系統改善傳統順序式分區揀貨的缺點,並建議搭配RFID系統的使用讓新環境提供揀貨箱的移動上具途程彈性的特點更為突出,並期望針對特定時間內的所有訂單,在不同的情境之下,以各種策略的組合來模擬出各種結果,並藉此判斷在何種情況下,以何種方法來進行揀貨作業可以使其效率最佳化。本研究即以吾人所提出之訂單選取法則以及揀貨箱派送法則,搭配模擬軟體Arena來進行模擬測試,最後使用總揀貨時間以及總系統時間來進行績效的衡量,而模擬的結果也發現,本研究所提出之改善後的分區揀貨環境其表現的確較傳統順序式分區揀貨環境要好,另外本研究也提出在改善後之分區揀貨環境下,能產生較好表現的訂單選取法則及揀貨箱派送法則的搭配組合。
摘要(英) This study deals with the order-picking problem in sequential(progressive)zone picking. The picking area of the environment has been divided into different zones. A picking-box often has to visit more than one zone to get all items in an order. This environment has one important restriction – even if the box does not have to pick items in this zone, the box still have to pass it to the next target zone, which means routing is not allowed in this environment. This paper modifies this restriction and build a new zone picking environment that routing is allowed, and we suggest that use the RFID system to enhance its performance.
Five order -selection rules-the random , the minimize punishment strategy, the maximum none replication zone strategy, the minimize none replication zone strategy, and the maximum picking items strategy are proposed and studied for the problem. Six zone-visitation sequencing strategies –the random strategy, the maximum idle times of the idle areas strategy, the minimize travel times strategy, the minimize picking time strategy, the minimize working time in the zone on the order strategy and the maximum working time in the zone on the order strategy– are proposed and studied for the problem. Simulation experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed strategies in two performance measures –Total System Time to complete the picking operations (TST), and Total Picking Time of picking boxes (TBT). The simulation results show that the new environment is better than the traditional sequential zone picking environment, and we also show the best combination of order-picking solutions and zone-visitation sequencing strategies that can let the new environment have better performance.
關鍵字(中) ★ 訂單選取規則
★ 物流中心
★ 派送法則
★ 無線射頻辨識
關鍵字(英) ★ Distribution Centre
★ Zone-Visitation Sequencing Strategy
★ Order Selection
★ RFID
論文目次 摘要 I
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2研究動機 1
1.3研究目的 3
1.4研究環境 3
1.5研究方法說明 5
1.6論文架構 6
第二章 文獻探討 8
2.1物流 8
2.1.1物流的定義 8
2.1.2物流中心的種類 9
2.2 倉儲設計規劃 11
2.2.1設施規劃 11
2.2.2系統模擬 13
2.3 訂單揀取安排 14
2.3.1揀貨策略 14
2.3.2 RFID簡介 16
2.3.3 RFID設備 18
2.3.4 RFID相關文獻 19
第三章 研究方法 21
3.1系統內之訂單數 21
3.2系統之揀貨流程說明 21
3.3訂單選取法則 23
3.3.1隨機揀取 23
3.3.2最小懲罰值 23
3.3.2.1範例說明 23
3.3.3最大未重複區域數 25
3.3.3.1範例說明 26
3.3.4最小未重複區域 26
3.3.4.1範例說明 27
3.3.5訂單之揀貨品項數最多 27
3.3.5.1範例說明 28
3.4揀貨箱派送法則 28
3.4.1『隨機選取』 28
3.4.2『閒置區域閒置時間最長』 28
3.4.2.1 範例說明 28
3.4.3『至該區域的旅行時間最小』 29
3.4.3.1 範例說明 29
3.4.4『該區域之目前剩餘揀貨作業時間最小』 29
3.4.4.1 範例說明 29
3.4.5『訂單在該區域的揀貨作業時間最小』 29
3.4.5.1 範例說明 29
3.4.6『訂單在該區域的揀貨作業時間最大』 30
3.4.6.1 範例說明 30
第四章 模擬實驗與分析 31
4.1前言 31
4.2模擬實驗 31
4.2.1揀貨環境之設定 31
4.2.2總實驗訂單張數 32
4.2.3環境假設與限制條件 32
4.2.4實驗因子組合 32
4.3績效評估準則 34
4.4 ANOVA統計檢定分析 34
4.4.1分析說明 34
4.4.1.1依『系統總執行時間』為績效評估值 34
4.4.1.2依『總揀貨時間』為績效評估值 42
4.4.1.3與傳統順序式分區揀貨進行比較 49
4.5實驗結論 49
第五章 結論與建議 51
5.1研究結論 51
5.2後續研究建議 52
參考文獻 53
中文文獻 53
英文文獻 53
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指導教授 何應欽(Ying-Chin Ho) 審核日期 2010-7-26
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