H.264畫面跳張轉換編碼之研究

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姓名

江仲豪(Jhong-Hao Jiang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

通訊工程學系

論文名稱

H.264畫面跳張轉換編碼之研究
(Study of Frame Skipping Transcoding for H.264)

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摘要(中)

H.264為現在壓縮效果及畫面品質都很好的視訊標準，相較於以往MPEG-2和H.263，H.264在相同位元率下之影像品質獲得大幅改善，因此H.264在多媒體裝置及網路應用上扮演著越來越重要的角色，然而，在不同網路環境下，其傳輸頻寬不同，如何使視訊串流滿足各種頻寬要求是一大課題，而轉換編碼是其中一種可以克服此問題的技術，而本篇論文利用畫面跳張(frame-skipping)的方式將高位元率之H.264視訊串流轉換編碼成為較低位元率的H.264視訊串流，使其能適應不同的頻寬限制，而轉換編碼最直接的作法就是不利用原始資訊直接重新編碼，然而這樣運算複雜度過高，但若完全再利用(reuse)原始資訊將導致編碼效能嚴重下降，因此，為了降低複雜度並維持一定的效能，我們利用原始資訊分別針對區塊模式與移動向量提出了轉換編碼演算法來幫我們簡化移動估測，實驗結果也顯示，能在維持一定的畫面品質效能下，大幅降低轉換編碼的時間。

摘要(英)

The emerging H.264/AVC achieves better coding performance compared with prior video coding standards, and applications of H.264/AVC become popular and important in networked multimedia services, such as teleconferencing, video on demand, and distance learning. However, because different networks might have different limitations of channel bandwidth, it is often needed to reduce the bit-rate of the coded video bit streams. Frame-skipping transcoding is one key technology to provide such interoperability between different systems and devices. The most straightforward method for frame-skipping transcoding is to decode the video stream and re-encode the reconstructed video sequences after frame-skipping. However, the computational complexity of the fully decoding and re-encoding process, referred to as complex cascaded pixel domain transcoding (CCPDT), is extremely high.
Reusing information existing in the original incoming video stream, referred to as simple cascaded pixel domain transcoding (SCPDT) can reduces computational complexity but lead to severe degradation in coding performance due to mode and motion vector mis-matched problems. Consequently, to reduce the computation cost and maintain high coding performance during transcoding, we propose an efficient inter/intra mode decision algorithm and an efficient motion vector composition method. The experimental results show that our proposed transcoding algorithms can maintain high coding performance and speed up transcoding process simultaneously for a reduced frame rate video transcoder.

關鍵字(中)

★ 移動再估測
★ 區塊模式決策
★ 畫面跳張轉換編碼

關鍵字(英)

★ motion re-estimation
★ mode decision
★ frame-skipping transcoding

論文目次

第一章緒論
1.1 H.264視訊壓縮標準簡介 1
1.2 動機與目的 2
1.3 論文架構 3
第二章 H.264 基本原理及視訊轉換編碼器介紹
2.1 轉換編碼(Transcoding)系統簡介 4
2.2 畫面跳張轉換編碼演算法文獻回顧 7
2.3 H.264視訊編碼系統簡介 8
2.3.1畫面間(Inter)預測模式 8
a. 可變區塊大小(variable block size) 8
b. 非整數點移動向量(fractional motion estimation) 9
c. 多幅參考畫面(multi-reference frame) 10
2.3.2畫面內(Intra)預測模式 14
第三章畫面跳張轉換編碼中區塊模式決策演算法之研究
3.1 畫面跳張轉換編碼系統簡介 17
3.1.1轉換編碼之旁資訊擷取 18
3.2 區塊模式決策演算法之分析與探討 21
3.2.1 複雜型像素域轉換編碼 22
3.2.2簡易型像素域轉換編碼 22
3.3 區塊模式預測分佈機率統計與分析 24
3.4 增強型(Enhanced)區塊模式決策演算法之分析與探討 30
3.4.1固定型雙向搜尋演算法 30
3.4.2加強型雙向搜尋演算法 34
3.5 綜合效能分析與比較 41
3.6 結論 45
第四章畫面跳張轉換編碼中移動估測演算法之研究
4.1 移動估測演算法之分析與探討 46
4.1.1簡易型像素域轉換編碼 46
4.2 相鄰多幅參考畫面選擇演算法 49
4.3 基於相鄰多幅參考畫面選擇之移動向量合成演算法探討 54
4.3.1 平均權重之預測向量 56
4.3.2 前向式主導向量選取演算法 60
4.3.3 加強型前向式主導向量選取 61
4.3.4 權重型向量選取演算法 62
4.4 合成移動向量之區域搜尋(zonal search)演算法 71
4.4.1 強化型區域搜尋演算法 72
4.4.2 進階強化型區域搜尋演算法 78
4.5 結論 81
第五章結論和未來展望 82
參考文獻 83

參考文獻

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[19] B. Shen, I. E. Sethi and B. Vasudev, “Adaptive motion vector resampling for compressed video down-scaling,” in Proc. IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, Oct. 1997, vol. 1, pp. 771-774.
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[22] Joint Video Team software JM12.2
http://iphome.hhi.de/suehring/tml/download/

指導教授

林銀議(Yinyi Lin)

審核日期

2010-7-19

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