基於平穩主觀視覺之H.264時間可調性視訊編碼位元率分配機制

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姓名

李昱潔(Yu-chieh Li) 查詢紙本館藏

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通訊工程學系

論文名稱

基於平穩主觀視覺之H.264時間可調性視訊編碼位元率分配機制
(H.264/SVC Rate Allocation based on Graceful Degradation of Subjective Quality in Frame Rate Switching)

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摘要(中)

H.264可調式視訊編碼是以 H.264/AVC 為基底來進行可調式視訊編碼，且提供三種可調適架構包含時間、空間與品質可調性，使系統不需經過重新轉碼即可因應不同使用者的軟/硬體及網路環境條件。其中時間層可調性架構可同時提供不同畫面播放率之視訊資料供使用者切換。傳統上使用H.264/SVC時間層上量化參數的建議設定，在切換畫面率的時後會造成不小的視覺品質差距，因此在實際的應用上，如何有效率的分配位元率給不同畫面播放率的時間層以達到縮減連續兩層之間的主觀視覺品質，是十分重要的議題。
本論文提出一套在網路資源有限的情況下，考量使用者主觀視覺感受的H.264可調式視訊編碼時間層位元率分配機制，本論文所提出的方法可以讓視訊在頻寬變動而需切換畫面播放率的情況下，降低不同畫面播放率主觀視訊品質之差質。實驗結果顯示，所提方法可有效率的分配位元率使各畫面播放率時間層達到較為接近的主觀視覺品質，且對於不同視訊在不同的頻寬限制下均表現良好。與傳統建議的量化參數設定相比，最多可使原本主觀視覺差異從4.03dB降至2.8dB。

摘要(英)

H.264 scalable extension (SVC), which is constructed based on H.264/AVC, is a new scalable video coding standard. H.264/SVC incorporates temporal, spatial, and SNR scalability so that it has not only high compression efficiency but also the capability to be adapted to heterogeneous user/network environments. Temporal scalability that can support multiple display frame rates is an efficient tool to work with a wide range of bitrates. With the JVT (Joint Video Team) recommended QP setting for H.264/SVC temporal layers, a large subjective quality gap between different layers occurs in frame rate switching. Thus how to reduce the difference of subjective quality by efficient rate allocation among multiple temporal layers for a given total bitrate is an important issue.
This work proposes a rate allocation method for SVC temporal scalability based on perceptual quality metric. The proposed method gracefully lowers video quality in frame rate switching under the circumstance of bandwidth fluctuation. In simulations, several video sequences with various total rate constraints are experimented. The proposed method can efficiently allocate the rate for each temporal layer with closer subjective video quality when the bandwidth is insufficient. Compared with the JVT recommended method, the difference of subjective quality in frame rate switching is reduced from 4.03dB to 2.8dB.

關鍵字(中)

★ 主觀視覺
★ 時間可調性
★ 位元率分配

關鍵字(英)

★ subjective quality
★ temporal scalability
★ rate allocation

論文目次

第1章緒論 ............................................................................................. 1
1.1 研究背景 ......................................................................................... 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 ............................................................................. 2
1.3 論文架構 ......................................................................................... 5
第2章 H.264視訊編碼標準介紹 ......................................................... 6
2.1 H.264單層視訊編碼介紹 .............................................................. 6
2.1.1 網路提取層 .................................................................................. 8
2.1.2 視訊編碼層 .................................................................................. 9
2.2 H.264可調式視訊編碼標準介紹 ................................................ 17
2.2.1 可調式視訊編碼器之應用 ........................................................ 17
2.2.2 可調式視訊編碼器架構 ............................................................ 19
2.3 時間可調性(TEMPORAL SCALABILITY) ......................................... 20
2.4 空間可調性(SPATIAL SCALABILITY) .............................................. 22
2.4.1 層際間畫面內預測(Inter-layer Intra prediction) ..................... 22
2.4.2 層際間殘值預測(Inter-layer Residual prediction) ................... 24
2.4.3 層際間動量預測(Inter-layer Motion prediction) ...................... 25
2.5 品質可調性(QUALITY SCALABILITY) ............................................ 26
第3章主觀視覺品質量測 ................................................................... 29
3.1 畫面播放率(FRAME RATE)與量化參數(QP)對人眼視覺之影響 29
3.2 主觀視覺品質量測現況介紹 ....................................................... 32
3.3 影像壓縮中的主觀視覺品質量測工具介紹 ............................... 35
3.3.1 主觀與客觀視覺影像品質量測 ................................................ 35
3.3.2 主觀視覺品質量測評分工具介紹............................................ 37
第4章應用於播放率異動之平穩主觀視覺H.264可調式視訊編碼位元率分配機制 ......................................................................................... 40
4.1 H.264/SVC時間層各層QP建議設定產生的主觀視覺關係 ....... 41
4.2 基於不同視訊之畫面移動速度MOTION值結果分析 .................. 52
4.3 初始位元率與總位元率之關係 ................................................... 52
4.4 時間層位元率之獨立關係 ........................................................... 54
4.5 R-Q對數趨近線 ............................................................................ 64
4.6 R-D對數趨近線 ............................................................................ 67
4.7 適用於播放率異動之平穩式主觀視覺品質H.264可調式視訊編碼位元率分配機制 ............................................................................. 70
第5章實驗結果 ................................................................................... 74
5.1 實驗參數環境 ............................................................................... 74
5.2 適用於播放率異動之平穩主觀視覺H.264可調式視訊編碼位
元率分配結果分析 ................................................................................. 78
5.2.1 位元率分配之效能分析 ............................................................ 79
5.2.2 與建議QP值設定位元分配之效能比較 .................................. 82
第6章結論與未來展望 ....................................................................... 89
參考文獻 ................................................................................................... 91

參考文獻

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指導教授

張寶基(Pao-chi Chang)

審核日期

2010-7-23

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