低介電係數溶液於微管道中之電動力學行為

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姓名

張怡雯(Yi-wen Chang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

化學工程與材料工程學系

論文名稱

低介電係數溶液於微管道中之電動力學行為
(Electro-kinetic phenomena in a Microchannel with Low-permittivity Media)

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摘要(中)

由目前市面上主要的電子紙顯示技術中以E-ink與Sipix電泳式電子紙為主流，兩者皆是將粒子存在於低介電係數溶液中，在由外加電場來驅動，帶動粒子電泳來作為文字或圖像的顯示。一般來說，當粒子處於低介電係數溶劑中，因較強烈的庫倫作用力將導致其反離子不易解離而難以帶電。本論文主要利用毛細管電泳，研究在高、低介電係數salt-fee溶液與額外添加離子於salt-free中，改變毛細管的zeta potential，造成不同電滲流及電泳行為並配合理論推算，進而分析其解離原因、泳動速度及改善方法。
利用熔融矽(二氧化矽)材質之毛細管，針對去離子水、NMF、THF及dioxane於不同管徑中的電滲流速率々可知高介電係數溶劑於不同管徑毛細管中，其電滲流速率不隨管徑大小而更所改變，與管徑為size-independent々而在低介電係數溶劑中，電滲流速率則與管徑為size-dependent關係。而在salt-free中添加額外離子(NaCl)，對於高、低介電係數溶液皆存在screening effect，隨著鹽濃度上升mobility下降，但在低介電係數中，在未達到鹽濃度飽和狀態下，還是存在mobility與管徑為size-dependent關係。由實驗結果，可知在低介電係數溶劑中，除了可避免交耳熱的產生外，亦可使mobility受鹽離子的下降程度較不劇烈々且要使mobility上升除了增加表面電荷量，亦可藉由改變粒子大小來增快電子紙中畫面的反應時間的下降。

摘要(英)

The commercially dominant e-paper technologies today are E Ink and SiPix. In an electrophoretic technology, charged particles are suspended in a low dielectric fluid. When an electric field is applied, the ink particles will move towards the electrode with the opposite charge to display words and photos. In general, the dissociation of counterion from charged particle is difficult in a medium with low dielectric constant due to strong Coulomb attraction.
In this work, the electrophoretic mobility and the origin of counterion dissociation from charged particle are investigated by using capillary electrophoresis system through electro-osmosis in high and low dielectric constant salt-free medium, and addition of salt.
We consider DI water and organic solvents including, tetrahydrofuran, n-methylformamide and dioxane and their mixtures with water in fused silica capillary of different sizes to measure the electro-osmotic flow (EOF). The EOF mobility of high dielectric constant solvents are essentially independent of the microchannel size. However, in low-permittivity solvents, the mobility is found to grow with the capillary radius. With ions add to the salt-free medium, the screening effect is present and the mobility is inversely proportional to salt concentration, and decays exponentially with high free ionic concentration. In low-permittivity solvents, the mobility also is found to grow with the capillary radius until the solution is an saturated solution.
In conclusion, using nonaqueous solutions, especially low dielectric constant, not only can reduce joule heat effect but also lessen the reduction of EOF mobility by the addition of salt. Consequently, in order to increase the response time in e-paper applications, the electrophoretic mobility can be increased by tuning the surface charge density or particle size.

關鍵字(中)

★ 毛細管徑
★ 毛細管電泳
★ 低介電係數溶劑

關鍵字(英)

★ capillary electrophoresis
★ low dielectric constant solvent
★ capillary diameter

論文目次

摘要 .................................................................................................. I
ABSTRACT ....................................................................................... III
致謝 ............................................................................................... IV
目次 ................................................................................................ V
表目錄 ......................................................................................... VIII
圖目錄 ............................................................................................IX
第1章 0B緒論及文獻回顧 .......................................................... 1
第2章 1B實驗目的 ...................................................................... 8
第3章 2B毛細管電泳(CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS, CE)介紹 12
3.1 8B 毛細管電泳發展史 ........................................................ 13
3.2 9B 毛細管電泳裝置 ............................................................ 14
3.2.1 23B 毛細管(Capillary) .................................................. 14
3.2.2 24B 毛細管管徑與溫度關係 ....................................... 16
3.2.3 25B 電源供應器(Power supply) ................................... 17
3.2.4 26B 樣品注射方式 ....................................................... 17
3.2.5 27B 偵測器 .................................................................. 19
3.2.6 28B 緩衝溶液 .............................................................. 19
3.3 10B 毛細管區域電泳(CAPILLARY ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS，CZE) 20
3.4 11B 毛細管電泳原理 .......................................................... 21
3.4.1 29B 電雙層理論........................................................... 21
3.4.2 30B Zeta potential ......................................................... 23
3.4.3 31B 電滲透(Electro-osmosis) ....................................... 24
3.4.4 32B 電滲流的優點 ....................................................... 30
3.4.5 33B 影響電滲流的因素 ............................................... 31
3.4.6 34B 電泳(Electrophoresis) ............................................ 32
3.4.7 35B 焦耳熱效應........................................................... 38
第4章 3B恆溫滴定卡計(ISOTHERMAL TITRATION CALORIMETRY)............................................................................................................... 41
4.1 12B 卡計之基本介紹 .......................................................... 41
4.2 13B ITC之操作原理 ............................................................. 41
第5章 4B實驗介紹 .................................................................... 46
5.1 14B 實驗材料 ...................................................................... 46
5.2 15B 實驗儀器 ...................................................................... 47
5.3 16B 實驗步驟 ...................................................................... 49
第6章 5B結果與討論 ................................................................ 54
6.1 17B 高介電係數溶液在不同管徑下電滲流的探討 ........... 54
6.2 18B 低介電係數溶液系統在不同管徑下電滲流的探討.... 59
6.2.1 36B 電滲速度與表面電荷密度相對理論分析 ............ 59
6.2.2 37B 不同管徑下低介電係數溶液之電滲流實驗 ........ 61
6.3 19B 低介電係數溶劑與去離子水混合溶液之電滲流實驗 66
6.4 20B 添加離子於溶劑中的電滲行為 ................................... 71
6.4.1 38B 於高介電係數溶劑中添加鹽離子的電滲流行為 71
6.4.2 39B 於低介電係數溶劑中添加鹽離子的電滲流行為 76
6.5 21B LAPONITE於毛細管電泳中泳動的訊號 .......................... 81
6.6 22B LAPONITE與SURFACTANT吸附關係 ................................... 86
第7章 6B結論 ............................................................................ 91
第8章 7B參考文獻 .................................................................... 92

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指導教授

曹恒光(Heng-kwong Tsao)

審核日期

2011-6-23

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