雙胺鏈延長劑長度對陰離子水性PU的影響

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姓名

蔡宗志(Zong-zhi Cai) 查詢紙本館藏

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化學工程與材料工程學系

論文名稱

雙胺鏈延長劑長度對陰離子水性PU的影響
(Properties of Anionic Waterborne Polyurethane : Effect of Different Diamine Chain Extender Length)

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★ 高韌性環氧樹脂底膠之開發	★ 水性PU之流變性質研究
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★ 硬質鏈段不規則性對PU奈米形態之影響(II)	★ 苦楝油對於水性PU膨潤效應的性質研究
★ 硬質鏈段不規則性對PU奈米形態之影響	★ 尼龍表面親疏水性之研究

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摘要(中)

PU是由軟質段與硬質段交替組成的嵌段式共聚物，軟質段造成了PU的柔軟性，而硬質段則因氫鍵鍵結提供了PU的剛性，因此可藉由調整組成達到其多功能性，應用性相當廣泛，而在環保意識下，水性PU(Waterborne Polyurethane,WPU)則利用水取代了傳統PU的揮發性溶劑，大幅降低溶劑的使用。
　　本實驗室在過去探討了許多離子基對WPU結構與物性的影響，所以在離子型水性PU有一系列的研究。但卻沒有討論雙胺鏈延長劑對WPU造成的影響，故本實驗將設計不同線性碳數的雙胺鏈延長劑，去測試對WPU的影響。
測試分析方面，首先利用FTIR觀察WPU的合成特徵峰，確定其WPU有合成成功，且相分離完全；由TGA可得知其裂解溫度，且鏈延長劑長度越短，則裂解速率越快；在DSC方面，發現有T1存在，但由於非極性式PU的硬質段會不規則排列，所以DSC圖譜並未能找出硬質段的T2、T3；DMA測試的結果發現當雙胺鏈延長劑長度增長時，則聚合物強度降低，但是當碳數為8時，聚合物強度反而會提升，且作奇偶性質比較，發現碳數為奇數時，聚合物強度也會降低；拉力機械性質測試則再次印證DMA的結果，並加以說明在碳數8時，可能是因微結構形態的變化造成其機械性質上升。

摘要(英)

PU is a soft segment and hard segment block-type copolymer composed of alternating. Soft segments provide polyurethane soft property whereas hard segments offer the stiffness by hydrogen bondings. It can be achieved by adjusting the composition of its multi-function, applied quite widely, and in environmental awareness, the water-based PU (Waterborne Polyurethane, WPU) is using water to replace volatile solvents, dramatically reducing the use of solvents.
The laboratory in the past had discussed the ionic group effect on WPU’’s structure and physical properties in a series of studies. But did not discuss the diamine chain extender impact on the WPU, so this experiment will be designed to change different linear diamine chain extender, and then to test the impact of the WPU.
In test analysis, by using FTIR to observation WPU synthetic peaks which can determine the WPU has synthesized successfully, and the phase separation completely. By using TGA to find the degradation temperature. In the DSC test, only could find T1 which produced by the physical aging. Because the hard segment cannot the regular array, therefore could not find T2, T3 and Tg in the DSC test. DMA test results found that when diamine chain extender’s carbon numbers a few more (2-6), the polymer reduces the strength, but when the carbon number is 8, but will enhance the strength of the polymer. The carbon number from 2 to 4 for the chemical stucture of the comparison, which found that the carbon number is 3, the polymer strength will be reduced. In tensile mechanical properties test, it confirms the DMA test results once again, and to illustrate the mechanical properties increased may be due to the microstructure change .

關鍵字(中)

★ 水性聚氨基甲酸酯
★ 鏈延長劑長度

關鍵字(英)

★ Waterborne Polyurethane
★ chain extender's length

論文目次

摘要----------------------------------------------------I
英文摘要------------------------------------------------II
致謝----------------------------------------------------III
目錄----------------------------------------------------IV
圖目錄--------------------------------------------------VIII
表目錄--------------------------------------------------XI
第一章、前言--------------------------------------------1
第二章、文獻回顧----------------------------------------2
2-1 WPU的介紹-------------------------------------------2
2-1.1嵌段式PU介紹---------------------------------------2
2-1.2組成單體-------------------------------------------3
2-1.3 WPU的種類-----------------------------------------4
2-2 PU水性化技術介紹------------------------------------4
2-2.1陰離子型-------------------------------------------4
2-2.2陽離子型-------------------------------------------5
2-2.3陰陽離子共存型 -------------------------------------5
2-2.4非離子型-------------------------------------------6
2-2.5離子型與非離子型的比較-----------------------------6
2-3 WPU主要製程介紹 -------------------------------------6
2-3.1 Solution process----------------------------------6
2-3.2 Prepolymer mixing process-------------------------8
2-3.3 Hot-melt process----------------------------------9
2-3.4 Ketimine & Ketazine process-----------------------10
2-4 WPU的形態與結構 -------------------------------------11
2-5 WPU的物理性質---------------------------------------12
2-5.1水性分散液的物理性質-------------------------------12
2-5.1.1分散過程的機制-----------------------------------12
2-5.2 WPU成膜性質---------------------------------------13
2-5.3 WPU的熱性質(DSC)----------------------------------13
2-5.3.1軟質相的熱轉變行為-------------------------------14
2-5.3.2硬質相的熱轉變行為-------------------------------14
2-5.4 WPU的機械性質 -------------------------------------14
2-5.4.1動態機械分析(DMA)--------------------------------15
2-5.4.2機械拉伸性質-------------------------------------16
2-6影響WPU性質的因素------------------------------------16
2-6.1離子基含量-----------------------------------------16
2-6.2軟質段的種類及分子量-------------------------------16
2-6.3異氰酸鹽的種類和硬質段含量-------------------------17
2-6.4中和劑---------------------------------------------17
第三章、實驗--------------------------------------------18
3-1實驗藥品---------------------------------------------18
3-2儀器設備---------------------------------------------20
3-3研究流程---------------------------------------------20
3-4系統設計---------------------------------------------20
3-5 WPU合成---------------------------------------------21
3-5.1反應物前處理---------------------------------------21
3-5.2實驗步驟-------------------------------------------21
3-5.3合成機制流程---------------------------------------22
3-5.4試片製作-------------------------------------------23
3-6實驗樣品命名-----------------------------------------23
3-7 WPU鑑定分析-----------------------------------------23
3-7.1紅外線光譜(Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
，FTIR)-------------------------------------------------23
3-7.2熱重損失分析(Thermogravimetric Analysis，TGA)------23
3-7.3微差掃描熱分析儀(Differential Scanning Calorimetry
，DSC)--------------------------------------------------24
3-7.4動態機械分析儀(Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer，DMA)---24
3-7.5 Tensile機械性質分析-------------------------------24
第四章、結果與討論--------------------------------------25
4-1 FTIR分析--------------------------------------------25
4-2 DMA分析---------------------------------------------31
4-3拉力機械性質分析-------------------------------------38
4-4 TGA熱裂解性質---------------------------------------45
4-5 DSC熱分析-------------------------------------------46
第五章、結論--------------------------------------------51
參考文獻------------------------------------------------52

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指導教授

陳登科(Teng-ko Chen)

審核日期

2011-7-13

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