博碩士論文 976204004 詳細資訊




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姓名 謝昇航(Sheng-Hang Hsieh)  查詢紙本館藏   畢業系所 應用地質研究所
論文名稱 臺灣地區液化潛能製圖
(Mapping Liquefaction Potential in Taiwan)
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摘要(中) 台灣位於環太平洋地震帶,地震活動極為頻繁,地震伴隨著土壤液化可引致房屋倒塌、傾斜、下陷、側移等災害。本研究以GEO2005工程地質探勘資料庫的鑽孔、強震站工程地質鑽孔及水利署地下水觀測井分析台灣坡度6%以下平原區域之液化潛能。藉由所蒐集的鑽孔資料針對臺灣地區擬定一套分析流程及鑽孔篩選標準,使用發展成熟及廣泛應用的Seed簡易經驗法搭配土壤參數(SPT-N值、地下水位、細料含量等)及地震參數(地震規模、尖峰地動加速度等)進行液化潛能評估。
基於平原地區的地下水位面應為平滑曲面,為消除測量時間不同所造成的差異,本研究以趨勢面處理地下水位分佈。獲得平原地區合理的地下水位面分佈外,缺乏地下水位資料的鑽孔也得以加入研究分析。液化潛能分析結果採用Iwasaki深度加權法計算液化潛勢指數。製圖時採用地形坡度作為內插的輔助因子,利用迴歸克力金法內插出合理的液化潛能分佈,最後完成台灣地區液化潛能分佈圖。
摘要(英) Taiwan is located at the circum-Pacific seismic belt where a large number of earthquakes occur. Soil liquefaction is a kind of earthquake hazard, causing structural damages. In this study, we collect borehole data from GEO2005 database, drilling at strong-motion stations, and water wells from the Water Resources Agency. We build a framework for procedures and analyses, and set up criterion to extract high quality data. Seed simplified method was used for analyzing a safety factor at a given depth of a borehole using soil parameters (SPT-N, fine content, etc) and seismic parameters (magnitude, PGA). Our study area is limited to the area where ground slope is less than 6%.
It is expected that groundwater table in plain area is smooth over a region. However, the groundwater measurements were taken at different days for different holes, and present an unexpected irregular surface. We used trend surface analysis to fit a smooth surface for the groundwater table at a given region. This procedure also serves as an interpolation method for a bore hole where groundwater data is not available. Liquefaction potential at a point is calculated based on the Iwasaki method for a liquefaction potential index. Surface slope gradient is used as an auxiliary variable in regression Kriging to interpolate a reliable liquefaction potential index at any given point. Finally, a liquefaction potential map is constructed.
關鍵字(中) ★ 土壤液化
★ 製圖
★ 地質統計
★ 迴歸克利金
關鍵字(英) ★ regression kriging
★ geostatistics
★ liquefaction
★ mapping
論文目次 第一章導論1
1.1前言1
1.2研究動機與目的1
1.3文獻回顧2
1.3.1土壤液化之定義2
1.3.2影響液化之因素2
1.3.3土壤液化潛能評估法4
1.3.4土壤液化潛能製圖研究5
1.4研究流程6
第二章 研究方法9
2.1土壤液化潛能評估9
2.1.1Seed簡易經驗分析法9
2.1.2Iwasaki深度加權法12
2.1.3鑽孔範例13
2.2地質統計內插方法13
2.2.1Kriging14
2.2.2Regression Kriging16
第三章 資料蒐集與處理24
3.1研究資料蒐集與處理24
3.1.1地形因子與地質特性24
3.1.2GEO2005工程地質探勘資料庫26
3.1.3強震站場址工程地質鑽探資料27
3.1.4工程地質鑽孔篩選27
3.1.5水利署地下水位觀測井28
3.2研究區域29
3.2.1地形概述29
3.2.2地下水位分佈32
第四章 土壤液化潛能評估與製圖77
4.1Seed簡易經驗分析法77
4.1.1Seed簡易法參數設定77
4.1.2安全係數77
4.2土壤液化潛能評估結果79
4.2.1台北盆地80
4.2.2桃園沿海80
4.2.3新苗地區81
4.2.4台中沿海地區81
4.2.5台中盆地地區82
4.2.6濁水溪沖積扇地區82
4.2.7嘉南地區83
4.2.8高雄地區84
4.2.9屏東地區84
4.2.10蘭陽平原地區85
第五章 討論109
5.1地下水位的推估109
5.2利用坡度當作土壤液化潛能內插時的輔助因子109
5.3地震液化災害案例110
5.3.1 921集集大地震110
5.3.2甲仙地震112
5.4土壤液化潛能結果討論112
第六章 結論與建議130
6.1結論130
6.2建議131
參考文獻133
附錄A 本研究區域高程分佈139
附錄B 本研究區域鑽孔土壤液化潛能指數151
附錄C 本研究所使用水利署觀測井255
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指導教授 李錫堤(Chyi-tyi Lee) 審核日期 2011-8-8
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