摘要(英) |
Lots of lifelines are necessary and to be set in urban area. To keep the space and visual comfort of street, these lifelines are usually embedded underground. Two kinds of methods, i.e. open cut and trenchless method, are commonly used in the construction of underground pipelines. Recently, to avoid the impact of street transportation, jack method was used frequently as the trenchless method. Furthermore, to increase the pushing distance of pipe and to decrease the number of middle jack devices, some kinds of lubricating materials are injected onto the interface of pipe and soil. This may also avoid the rupture of pipes due to too large pushing force. Bentonite slurry is commonly used as lubricating material, but sometimes it may be mixed with oil or some other special materials. To investigate the effects of friction reduction of lubricating materials between pipe surface and soil, this research used remolded soil and pipe material and focused on the properties of bentonite and softener which are usually used as lubricating materials in JACK method, and performed a series of direct shear tests and direct friction tests by using direct shear apparatus. From the results of experiments, it is recognized that the lubricating materials can decrease the friction angle between pipe surface and soil apparently, especially for bentonite slurry. Furthermore, this research proposed a convenient formula to estimate the jacking force of pipe by considering the anisotropy of stress in subsoil layer. According to the calculating results with this formula, it is proved definitely that the friction between pipe surface and soil can be decreased apparently by adding lubricating materials.
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