固溶處理之冷卻速率對SP-700鈦合金微結構與機械性質之影響

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姓名

陳彥霖(Yen-lin Chen) 查詢紙本館藏

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材料科學與工程研究所

論文名稱

固溶處理之冷卻速率對SP-700鈦合金微結構與機械性質之影響
(Effect of cooling rate of solution treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of SP-700)

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摘要(中)

SP-700鈦合金經固溶處理後，水淬合金微結構由αp(初析α)+ α”(麻田散鐵)+βr(殘留β)組成，於拉伸過程發生「應力誘發麻田散鐵」相變化，使βr轉變為α與α”造成強度上升，此時水淬合金同時具有高強度與高延性，經時效處理後α”與βr會分解析出α+β平衡相，使強度大幅提升但延性下降；空冷與爐冷合金由αp+α(析出相)+β(平衡相)組成，強度較水淬合金高，經時效後微結構形貌較無變化，強度僅小幅提升。綜合上述可知，考量SP-700鈦合金高強度特性，可由固溶水淬合金，經時效後得到；綜合拉伸性質，以固溶處理水淬合金較優良。

摘要(英)

According　to　this　research,　the　microstructure　of　solution　treatment　by　WQ　alloy　of　SP-700　is　constructed　by　αp(primary　α）+　α”(martensite)　+　βr(retained β). Stress　induced　martensite　transformation　happened　during tensile　process,　which　makes　strength　superior　due　to　βr　transformed　into　α”.　WQ　alloy　has　high　strength　and ductility　in　the　meanwhile.　In　addition,　α”　and　βr　is　going　to　precipitate　α+β　stable　phase　by　aging　treatment.　Aging　makes　WQ　alloy　became　much　stronger　but　poor　ductility.　The　microstructure　of　AC　and　FC alloys　are　both　formed　by　αp+α(precipitation)+β(stable), and　have　better　strength　than　WQ　alloy,　but　there　is　no　phase　transformation　during　aging　treatment.　From　the　above,　solution　treatment　and　aging　of　WQ　alloy　of SP-700,　which　has　the　best　strength.　Good　tensile　properties　prefer　WQ　alloy　without　aging.

關鍵字(中)

★ 機械性質
★ 冷卻速率
★ SP-700
★ 固溶處理

關鍵字(英)

★ SP-700
★ Solution treatment
★ Cooling rate
★ Mechanical properties

論文目次

圖目錄
圖1.1添加各類型安定元素之鈦合金相圖...................................3
圖1.2 Ti-Al 二元相圖.....................................................................4
圖1.3模擬二元相圖……………………………………………..8
圖1.4 Ti-6Al-4V 於950℃固溶處理2hr後，於500℃人工時效
4小時之TEM照片...........................................................................9
圖1.5 Ti-6Al-4V合金由β相區緩慢冷卻相變化示意圖...............11
圖1.6 Ti-6Al-4V由α+β兩相區(900℃)緩慢冷卻之微結構...........11
圖1.7 Ti-6Al-4V 非平衡冷卻微結構變化示意圖…………......13
圖1.8 SP-700鈦合金800℃固溶處理後進行不同時效溫度之時效硬化曲線....................................................................16
圖2.1金相、硬度試片取樣示意圖.............................................20
圖2.2ASTM E8-04 拉伸試片規範............................................22
圖3.1SP-700 鈦合金經850℃固溶處理後水淬與500℃時效微結構
金相圖…………………………………………………..25
圖3.2SP-700鈦合金(a)經850℃固溶處理水淬與500℃時效之X-ray 繞射分析圖。(b)時效後以慢速0.01°/s、小角度2θ=40。~42。之X-ray繞射分析圖。…………………………………………28
圖3.3 SP-700鈦合金經850℃固溶處理空冷，與500℃時效金相圖
………………………………...................................30
圖3.4SP-700鈦合金經850℃固溶處理空冷與500℃時效之X-ray 繞射分析圖。.................................................................31
圖3.5SP-700鈦合金經850℃固溶處理爐冷，與500℃時效金相圖………………………………………………...........33
圖3.6 SP-700鈦合金經850℃固溶處理爐冷與500℃時效之
X-ray 繞射分析圖….........................................................39
圖3.7 SP-700鈦合金經850℃固溶處理冷卻後之DSC試驗...35
圖 3.8 SP-700鈦合金之HV硬度試驗壓痕...............................36
圖3.9 SP-700鈦合金 850℃固溶處理後水淬、空冷、爐冷與500℃時效後，室溫應力-應變曲線圖........................ 40
總目錄
摘要…………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
英文摘要……………………………………………………………II
總目錄………………………………………………………………III
圖目錄………………………………………………………………V
表目錄………………………………………………………………VII
一、前言與文獻回顧………………………………………………..1
1.1鈦合金分類…….…..……………………………………….. 2
1.1.1純鈦……………….………………………………….....2
1.1.2 α型鈦合金………………………………………………4
1.1.3 α+β型鈦合金…………………………………………..5
1.1.4 β型鈦合金………………………………………………6
1.2 鈦合金的熱處理……………………………………………8
1.2.1退火……………………………………………………...8
1.2.2析出熱處理……………………………………………...8
1.2.2-(a) 固溶處理…………………………………………8
1.2.2-(b) 人工時效…………………………………………9
1.2.3 鈦合金固溶處理過程之相變化……………………….10
1.2.3.1 鈦合金平衡冷卻…………………………………..10
1.2.3.2 鈦合金非平衡冷卻………………………………..12
1.2.4 鈦合金時效相變化…………………………………….14
1.3 SP-700鈦合金簡介…………………………………………14
1.3.1 SP-700析出熱處理…………………………………….15
1.3.1.1 SP-700之固溶處理………………………………..15
1.3.1.2 SP-700之時效處理………………………………..16
1.3.2 SP-700 與Ti-6Al-4V 性質比較…………………….17
二、實驗流程……………………………………………………...19
2.1 實驗材料……………………………………………………19
2.2 析出熱處理…………………………………………………19
2.2.1 固溶處理………………………………………………19
2.2.2 人工時效……………………………………………….19
2.3 微結構分析…………………………………………………19
2.3.1 金相觀察……………………………………………….20
2.3.2 XRD 分析………………………………………………20
2.3.3 EPMA成分分析………………………………………..21
2.3.4 DSC 微差掃描分析儀…………………………………21
2.4 機械性質測試………………………………………………21
2.4.1 硬度試驗………………………………………………..22
2.4.2 拉伸試驗……………………………………………….22
三、結果與討論……………………………………………………23
3.1微結構分析…………………………………………………..23
3.1.1 SP-700固溶處理後水淬合金………………………….23
3.1.2 SP-700固溶處理後空冷合金………………………….29
3.1.3 SP-700固溶處理後爐冷合金………………………….32
3.1.4 微差熱掃描儀(DSC)分析……………………………...35
3.2機械性質測試………………………………………………..36
3.2.1 固溶處理後水淬、空冷、爐冷對硬度之影響……….36
3.2.2 固溶處理後水淬、空冷、爐冷對拉伸性質之影響….39
四、結論……………………………………………………………41
五、參考資料………………………………………………………42
表目錄
表1.1 四類鈦合金之成分、熱處理以及機械性質………………3
表1.2 SP-700與Ti-64合金機械性質比較………………………18
表2.1 SP-700 鈦合金之成分……………………………………19
表3.1 SP-700鈦合金850℃固溶處理冷卻，500℃時效之室溫
機械性質(含硬度、拉伸)彙整表…………………………………37
表3.2 時效前、後之機械性質變化量彙整表……………………38

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指導教授

李勝隆(Sheng-long Lee)

審核日期

2012-8-22

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