苗栗地區儲集層孔隙率與滲透率特性評估

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王玲絲(Ling-Sui Wang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

應用地質研究所

論文名稱

苗栗地區儲集層孔隙率與滲透率特性評估
(Evaluation characteristics of porosity and permeability of reservoir rocks over Miaoli area)

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摘要(中)

為達成二氧化碳地質封存的目標，儲集岩層不僅需要適當之地質構造、地層深度及厚度等條件，岩層的孔隙率與滲透率亦為重要之評估因素。本研究採集苗栗地區北寮砂岩、觀音山砂岩、東坑層、上福基砂岩、關刀山砂岩、魚藤坪砂岩及卓蘭層砂岩為樣本，以孔隙率/滲透率儀測量不同圍壓下之孔隙率與滲透率，利用岩石光薄片分析礦物組成及顆粒組織，並配合掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察孔隙結構，探討砂岩層孔隙率與滲透率之影響因素，作為二氧化碳地質封存之評估參考。分析結果以上福基砂岩之礦物組成以石英所佔比例最高、平均粒徑最大且顆粒間之孔隙亦較大，具最高孔隙率及滲透率，圍壓5MPa下孔隙率20.8%、滲透率3.0E-13m2。東坑層的淘選度較上福基砂岩好，但平均粒徑較小，因此孔隙率及滲透率居次，圍壓5MPa下孔隙率14.8%、滲透率3.4E-15m2。整體而言，儲集岩層孔隙率與滲透率除了受埋藏深度之壓密應力影響，也受礦物組成、顆粒大小、淘選度及膠結、溶解等成岩作用所影響。埋藏深度愈深使有效應力愈大，孔隙率與滲透率亦隨之變小；礦物組成及顆粒大小、形狀、排列等則會影響孔隙的大小與連通性，進而影響孔隙率與滲透率。壓密作用及膠結作用使孔隙減少，溶解作用則使孔隙增加，在成岩作用不同階段中，原生孔隙及次生孔隙影響並控制岩層的孔隙率及滲透率。

摘要(英)

In order to achieve the goal for geological storage of CO2, important assessment factors for reservoir rocks include not only suitable geological structure, thickness and depth, but also high porosity and permeability. This study is aimed to determine porosity and permeability, mineral compositions and pore structures of reservoir sandstones by using porosity/permeability measurement, thin section and SEM analysis. Characteristics and influencing factors of porosity and permeability of reservoir sandstones in Miaoli area were studied, so as to evaluate their storage potential for CO2 sequestration. Samples from seven different sandstone formations in Miaoli area were collected, including Beiliao Sandstone, Kuanyinshan Sandstone, Tongkeng Formation, Shangfuchi Sandstone, Guandaoshan Sandstone, Yutengping Sandstone and Cholan Formation. According to the analytic results, Shangfuchi Sandstone exhibits the highest porosity (20.8%) and permeability (3.0E-13m2) under 5 MPa confining pressure as well as the largest quartz content, grain size and pore size. In addition, Tongkeng Formation stands the second place in porosity (14.8%) and permeability (3.4E-15m2) under 5 MPa confining pressure. Overall, porosity and permeability were influenced not only by burial depth, but also by mineral composition, grain fabric and diagenetic processes. Increased burial depth usually leads to increased compaction as well as decreased porosity and permeability. Furthermore, mineral composition, grain size, shape, and packing influence the connectivity and size of pores and fractures, and then the porosity and permeability. Compaction and cementation could reduce porosity and permeability, but dissolution could increase them. Primary and secondary porosity of reservoir rocks were affected during different stages of diagenetic processes.

關鍵字(中)

★ 岩象分析
★ 孔隙率
★ 滲透率
★ 儲集層

關鍵字(英)

★ petrographic analysis
★ reservoir
★ permeability
★ porosity

論文目次

摘要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 x
第一章緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 研究樣本與區域地質概述 4
1.3 內文概述 10
第二章文獻回顧 11
2.1 CO2地質封存之研究 11
2.2影響孔隙率與滲透率之因素 17
2.2.1 有效應力與孔隙率/滲透率之關係 17
2.2.2 礦物組成與孔隙率/滲透率之關係 20
2.2.3 顆粒組織與孔隙率/滲透率之關係 22
2.2.4 孔隙結構與孔隙率/滲透率之關係 26
第三章研究方法 30
3.1 研究流程 30
3.2孔隙率/滲透率儀量測 31
3.2.1孔隙率量測 32
3.2.2滲透率量測 33
3.3 偏光顯微鏡觀察 34
3.3.1 礦物組成分析 36
3.3.2 顆粒分析 37
3.4掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察 38
第四章結果與討論 41
4.1 有效應力影響孔隙率及滲透率 41
4.2礦物組成影響孔隙率及滲透率 47
4.3顆粒組織影響孔隙率及滲透率 57
4.4孔隙結構影響孔隙率及滲透率 63
4.5綜合討論 71
第五章結論與建議 76
參考文獻 78
附錄 85
A.孔隙率測量之試體樣本 85
B.滲透率測量之試體樣本 87

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指導教授

蔡龍珆(Loung-Yie Tsai)

審核日期

2012-7-27

推文