Case study of an extended Fitzhugh-Nagumo model with chemical synaptic coupling and application to C. elegans functional neural circuits

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姓名

柯佐安(Andreas Felix) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

物理學系

論文名稱

(Case study of an extended Fitzhugh-Nagumo model with chemical synaptic coupling and application to C. elegans functional neural circuits)

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摘要(中)

了解由感官之輸入到行為的表現之神經行為是在神經科學上的一個主要任務，
而秀麗隱桿線蟲在生物學中是一個標準之模型生物，其體內神經間之連結已被
完全了解。秀麗隱桿線蟲能對外在的影響做簡單的行為反應，例如，化學趨向
性以及熱趨向性，而負責反應的神經迴路包含了感覺神經元、中間神經元以及
運動神經元，是當前的研究課題。
在本論文中，我們藉由衍伸的Fitzhugh-Nagumo模型來研究簡單的神經迴路，
並且藉由化學突觸進行耦合激發或抑制後細胞，同時藉由閘門之動力學行為來
描述神經傳導物受器之動力學行為，並利用參數之調控以達到突觸之區別。在
我們的神經迴路研究中，我們觀察到頻率增昇、渾沌性的動作電位、異性的神
經同步以及週期性的動作電位叢集，我們更將此模型應用在秀麗隱桿線蟲的溫
度感應迴路(AWC、AFD以及AIY神經元)，並觀察到對溫度之改變所產生的反
應行為。

摘要(英)

Identifying the neural activity which translates a sensory input into behavioral output is
one of the central tasks of neuroscience. The nematode C. elegans serves as a model organism
in biology and its connectome of neural connections has been completely mapped.
C. elegans are capable of some simple behavior responses to external influences such as
chemotaxis and thermotaxis. The responsible neural circuits consisting of sensory neurons,
interneurons and motor neurons are subject of recent studies.
In this thesis we use an extended Fitzhugh-Nagumo model to study the dynamics of simple
neural circuits. The neurons are coupled via chemical synapses, which can excite and
inhibit the post-synaptic neuron. The neurotransmitter-receptor dynamics are governed
with a gating dynamic, which allows for the distinction between fast and slow synapses.
In our studies of the neural circuits we find frequency enhancement, chaotic spiking,
synchronization of fast and slow firing neurons and periodic bursting. We apply the
model to the temperature sensing circuit of the AWC, AFD and AIY neurons of the C.
elegans and reproduce the activity response to temperature change.

關鍵字(中)

關鍵字(英)

★ C. elegans
★ Fitzhugh-Nagumo model
★ chemical synapses
★ functional neural circuit

論文目次

1 Introduction 1
1.1 Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 C. elegans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2 Mathematical tools 10
2.1 Electrical properties of Neurons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2 The Hodgkin-Huxley model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.3 The Fitzhugh-Nagumo model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.4 Neurotransmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.5 The extended FHN model with chemical synapses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3 Case studies of simple neural circuits 25
3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.2 Single neuron with self connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.3 Two neuron interactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.4 Slow synapses and chaotic skipping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3.5 Periodic bursting in a two-neuron circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
4 Two sensory neurons regulate thermotaxis in C. elegans 50

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指導教授

黎璧賢(Pik-Yin Lai)

審核日期

2012-8-9

推文