增強型H.264畫面內模式之跳位演算法

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姓名

劉明宜(Ming-yi Liu) 查詢紙本館藏

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通訊工程學系在職專班

論文名稱

增強型H.264畫面內模式之跳位演算法
(Enhanced Intra Mode Bit Skip Algorithm for H.264/AVC)

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摘要(中)

H.264的主要貢獻之一是，它採用了在空間域的畫面內(Intra)預測方式，從而顯著地提高了I畫面壓縮比。針對每一個4×4的區塊，Intra 4×4模式提供了九種方向性的預測模式。然而，對於每一個4×4區塊，在編碼器需要1或4個位元用來標明Intra所使用的模式以順利解碼。因此，每一個4×4的Marcoblock(MB)共需要使用16到64個位元。為減少這方面的負擔，金大延(Dae-Yeon Kim)於2008年提出了『Adaptive Intra Mode Bit Skip (AIMBS)』演算法。假如鄰近區塊中所有的參考像素值非常相近，則可以使用DC模式做為預測模式，而用來標示模式的位元則利用跳位方式來省略。但是此法只針對DC模式跳位，其演算法仍有改進的空間。故我們提出另一種方法，利用鄰近參考像素與待編碼區塊往往有相同方向性之特性，增加垂直(Vertical)與水平(Horizontal)模式的跳位。實驗結果與AIMBS相比，在1080P的BD-PSNR平均可以增加0.027 dB，而BD-Rate平均可以減少0.66%。顯示本研究所提之增強型跳位機制可以有效地進一步降低編碼位元率，並達到更佳的視訊品質，同時也減少了些許編碼時間。

摘要(英)

One of the main contributions of H.264 is the intra prediction in spatial domain, which increases the coding performance of I-frame significantly. Intra4×4 mode provides nine directional prediction modes for every 4×4 block. However, for each 4×4 block, 1 or 4 bits are required for indicating intra mode in the encoded bit stream for successfully decoding. Therefore, 16 ~ 64 bits are required to represent intra mode bits for each intra4×4 macroblock.
To reduce this burden, Dae-Yeon Kim proposed an algorithm called: “adaptive intra mode bit skip (AIMBS)” in 2008. If all reference pixels of current block are quite similar, the DC mode can be selected as the prediction mode without significant distortion so that the prediction mode bit can be skipped in the proposed method. But this method can be improved by considering the bit skip for more modes. The reference pixels usually exist the same direction with current block. In this work, the correlation between vertical and horizontal differences of reference pixels and encoded modes are investigated. The mode skip of vertical and horizontal prediction modes is integrated with AIMBS to achieve better coding efficiency.
The simulation results show that the proposed mechanism can improve 0.027dB BD-PSNR and reduce BD-Rate by 0.66% at 1080P compared with AIMBS on average. We observe that this method can be further improved by including more modes for bit skipping. In this work, the correlation between vertical and horizontal differences of reference pixels and encoded modes are investigated.

關鍵字(中)

★ 位元跳躍
★ 畫面內預測
★ 視訊壓縮

關鍵字(英)

★ video coding
★ Intra prediction
★ bit skip

論文目次

摘要 I
Abstract II
致謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VIII
第一章　緒論 1
1.1　研究背景 1
1.2　研究動機與目的 2
1.3　論文架構 3
第二章　H.264視訊編解碼標準介紹 4
2.1　H.264 視訊壓縮標準簡介 4
2.2　H.264 編碼器架構介紹 6
2.2.3　畫面內預測(Intra Prediction) 9
2.2.4　最可能模式(Most probable mode) 11
2.2.5　畫面間預測(Inter Prediction) 12
2.2.6　轉換(Transform) 13
2.2.7　量化(Quantization) 14
2.2.8　去方塊濾波器(De-blocking Filter) 15
2.2.9　熵編碼(Entropy Coding) 15
2.3　H.264解碼器架構介紹 16
第三章　Adaptive Intra Mode Bit Skip研究介紹 18
3.1　H.264 Intra4×4之編碼方式介紹 18
3.1.1　Intra4×4預測模式 19
3.1.2　Adaptive Intra Mode Bit Skip編碼方式介紹 20
3.2　AIMBS之優點與缺點 25
第四章　提出之增強型H.264畫面內模式之跳位演算法 27
4.1　AIMBS演算法的缺點詳細分析 27
4.2　最佳預測模式與相鄰區塊之關連 32
4.3　預測模式與參考像素差異值的關聯 35
4.3.1　垂直、水平與DC模式下之特性分析 36
4.3.2　邊際區塊的最佳預測模式 52
4.4　利用參考像素差異值提出之EIMBS演算法 54
第五章　實驗結果與分析討論 63
5.1　實驗參數與模擬環境 63
5.2　H.264與AIMBS演算法之效能比較 64
第六章　結論與未來展望 77
參考文獻 78

參考文獻

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指導教授

張寶基(Pao-Chi Chang)

審核日期

2012-7-23

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