Numerical Simulation of Bridges with Inclined

以作者查詢圖書館館藏

、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士

、以作者查詢全國書目

、勘誤回報

、線上人數：29

、訪客IP：3.144.123.24

姓名

羅曼如(Nurul Rochmah) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

土木工程學系

論文名稱

Numerical Simulation of Bridges with Inclined
(Numerical Simulation of Bridges with Inclined)

相關論文

★ 隔震橋梁含防落裝置與阻尼器之非線性動力反應分析研究	★ 橋梁碰撞效應研究
★ 應用位移設計法於雙層隔震橋之研究	★ 具坡度橋面橋梁碰撞效應研究
★ 橋梁極限破壞分析與耐震性能研究	★ 應用多項式摩擦單擺支承之隔震橋梁研究
★ 橋梁含多重防落裝置之極限狀態動力分析	★ 強震中橋梁極限破壞三維分析
★ 隔震橋梁之最佳化結構控制	★ 跨越斷層橋梁之極限動力分析
★ 塑鉸極限破壞數值模型開發	★ 橋梁直接基礎搖擺之極限分析
★ 考量斷層錯動與塑鉸破壞之橋梁極限分析	★ Impact response and shear fragmentation of RC buildings during progressive collapse
★ 應用多項式滾動支承之隔震橋梁研究	★ 橋梁三維極限破壞分析

檔案

[Endnote RIS 格式]

[Bibtex 格式]

[相關文章]

[文章引用]

[完整記錄]

[館藏目錄]

至系統瀏覽論文 ( 永不開放)

摘要(中)

ABSTRACT
Pounding between decks was observed on most of the bridges which suffered severe damage even unseating. Although the pounding effect of seismically-excited bridges has been studied by many researchers, only few researchers investigated the bridges with inclined decks on this effect. However, the decks of bridges should be of slopes due to various terrain, route alignment and elevation. Occasionally the slope is up to 10%. Therefore, this research is aimed to study the pounding effect of bridges with inclined decks under strong ground motions.
The Vector Form Intrinsic Finite Element (VFIFE) is superior in managing the engineering problems with material nonlinearity, discontinuity, large deformation, large displacement and arbitrary rigid body motions of deformable bodies. In this study, the Vector Form Intrinsic Finite Element (VFIFE) is thus selected to be the analysis method.
Two types of bridges, a six-span simply-supported bridge and a continuous bridge are analyzed. Both of bridges are with high damping rubber bearings. This study used different number of element to simulate the decks and the deck slopes are from 0% to 10%. The ground motion scales are from 100% to 300%. From the numerical analysis result, the deck deformations and forces without pounding effect are larger than the cases with pounding effect. And more element number is better to simulate the decks. The deck slope does not influence the number of unseating decks and damage bearings. The dynamic behavior of continuous elevated bridge is better than simply-supported elevated bridge under strong ground motion.
Keywords: pounding, elevated bridge, vector form intrinsic finite element, high damping rubber bearings.

摘要(英)

摘要
過去發生嚴重震害之大地震中，經常可見橋梁遭受嚴重之損害，其中因碰撞效應造成橋梁損害亦十分常見。然而橋梁碰撞效應已有許多研究成果提出，但過去研究的目標橋梁多是以等高橋墩下之水平梁橋為主，較少有具坡度橋梁之相關案例分析。實際上，諸如高架橋匝道、高架道路跨越橋、山區地形變化處之橋梁，橋面坡度變化較大，更甚可達10%。因此本研究將探討碰撞效應對於坡度橋梁之破壞形式及結構動力反應之影響。
本研究採用新近發展之向量式有限元素為結構動力分析方法，向量式有限元素適用於處理大變形、大變位、材料非線性與剛體運動等問題，由於橋梁在大地震中，橋梁動力行為不再處於線彈性階段，故必須進行橋梁非線性動力分析甚而預測極限破壞狀態。
本研究依日本道路橋示方書設計一座六跨簡支橋梁與一座兩單元三跨連續橋梁為目標橋梁，其支承系統皆使用高阻尼橡膠支承。本研究以不同元素個數模擬橋面板，並變化橋面板坡度，探討碰撞效應對於坡度橋梁之動力行為影響。研究成果顯示，未考慮碰撞效應之橋梁，其橋面板位移及力量較考慮碰撞效應之橋梁大，且橋面板以較多元素模擬的成果較佳。此外，坡度並不會影響橋梁之上部結構落橋數及支承破壞數。而具坡度之連續橋梁之動力行為較簡支橋梁佳。
關鍵詞：碰撞效應、坡度橋梁、向量式有限元素法、隔震支承

關鍵字(中)

★ 碰撞效應
★ 坡度橋梁
★ 向量式有限元素法
★ 隔震支承

關鍵字(英)

★ pounding
★ elevated bridge
★ vector form intrinsic finite element
★ high damping rubber bearings

論文目次

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
LIST OF CONTENTS iii
LIST OF FIGURES vi
LIST OF TABLES xxviii
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background 1
1.2 Literature Review 2
1.2.1 Vector Form Intrinsic Finite Element 2
1.2.2 Pounding 3
1.2.3 Seismic Isolation 4
1.3 Research Objectives 6
1.4 Outline 7
CHAPTER 2 THE VECTOR FORM INTRINSIC FINITE ELEMENT 6
2.1 Introduction of Vector Form Intrinsic Finite Element 8
2.2 Assumptions of VFIFE 8
2.3 Kinematics of a Frame Element 9
2.3.1 Deformation Coordinates 9
2.3.2 Rigid Body and Deformation Components 10
2.3.3 Internal Nodal Forces for the Frame Element 12
2.3.4 Equations of Motion 18
2.4 Newmark β-method 19
CHAPTER 3 TARGET BRIDGES 24
3.1 Design of Target Bridges 24
3.1.1 Input Ground Motions 25
3.1.2 Case Study for Simulation 25
3.2 Unseating Prevention System 26
3.2.1 The Seating Length 26
3.3 Numerical Models of Unseating Prevention Devices 27
3.3.1 Gap/Impact Spring Element 27
3.3.2 Hook Spring Element 27
3.4 Numerical Models of Bearings 28
3.5 Sliding of Structures 29
3.6 Idealization of Target Bridges 29
3.6.1 A Six-Span Simply Supported Bridge with HDRBearings 29
3.6.2 A Continuous Bridge with High Damping Rubber Bearings 31
CHAPTER 4 NUMERICAL RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 34
4.1 Introduction 34
4.2 A Six-Span Simply Supported Bridge with HDR Bearings 34
4.2.1 Bridges were analyzedby using equal length element 34
4.2.2 Bridges were analyzed by using unequal length element 36
4.2.3 Behaviour of elevated bridges 39
4.2.4 Number of failures of different gap distances 43
4.3 A Continuous Bridge with High Damping Rubber Bearings 45
4.3.1 Bridges were analyzed by using equal length element 45
4.3.2 Bridges were analyzed by using unequal length element 47
4.3.3 Behaviour of elevated bridges 50
4.3.4 Number of failures of different gap distances 54
CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION 57
5.1 Conclusions 57
5.2 Recommendation 57
REFERENCES 58

參考文獻

1. Chopra, A.K. (2007). Dynamics of Structures – Theory and Applications to Earthquake Engineering, 2rd edition, Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
2. Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI) (2002). “Bhuj, India Earthquake of January 26, 2001 Reconnaissance Report.” Publ. No 02-01, Jain, S.K., Lettis, W.R., Murty, C.V.R., and Bardet, J.P. (Eds), EERI, Oakland, CA.
3. Japan Road Association. (2002), “Specifications for Highway Bridges – Part V Seismic Design”. Tokyo, Japan.
4. Jankowski, R., Wilde, K. and Fujino, Y. (1998). “ Pounding of Superstructure Segments in Isolated Elevated Bridge During Earthquakes “, Wiley and son, Earthquake engineering structure Dybamic 27,487-502.
5. Jankowski, R., Wilde, K., and Fuzino, Y. (1999). “Reduction of Earthquake Induced Effects of Pounding in Elevated Bridges,” Proceedings of the Second World Conference on Structural Control, John Wiley & Sons, New York, Vol. 2:pp. 933 – 939.
6. Jenning, P.-C. And Housner G.-W. (1971). “The San Fernando, California earthquake of February 9, 1971”.
7. Jangid, R.S., and Kunde, M.C. (2003). “ Seismic Behavior of Isolated Bridges : A-State-of-the-art review ”, Electronic Journal of Structural Engineering.
8. Kanamori, H. (1995). “ The Kobe (Hyogo-Ken Nanbo), Japan, earthquake of January 16, 1995 ”, Seismological Research Letters Volume 66, Number 2 March-April 1995.
9. Kawashima, K., and Shoji, G. (2000). “Effect of Shock Absorber to Mitigate Pounding Effect between Bridge Decks,” Proceedings, International Workshop on Mitigation of Seismic Effects on Transportation Structures, National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C:pp. 207-218.
10. Kim, S.H., Lee, S.W., Won, J.H., Mha, H.S. (2000). “Dynamic Behaviors of Bridges Under Seismic Excitations With Pounding Between Adjacent Girders,” Proceedings, 12thWorld Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Auckland, NZ.
11. Lee, T.-Y., Chen, P.-H. and Wang, R.,-Z. (2008). “Nonlinear Analysis of Isolated Bridges under Near-Field Ground Motions”, in Fifth European Congress on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences and Engineering (ECCOMAS 2008), Venice, Italy.
12. Malhotra, P. K. (1998). “Dynamics of Seismic Pounding at Expansion Joints of Concrete Bridges,” Journal of Engineering Mechanics, ASCE, Vol. 124(No. 7).
13. Raheem, Sherata E. A. (2009), “Pounding mitigation and unseating prevention at expansion joints of isolated multi-span bridges”, Elsevier, Engineering Structures 31, pp 2345-2356.
14. Ruangrassamee, A. and Kawashima, K. (2003), “Control of nonlinear bridge response with pounding effect by variable dampers”, Elsevier, Engineering Structures 25, pp 596-606.
15. Shih C., Wang, Y. K. and Ting, E. C. (2004), "Fundamentals of a Vector Form Intrinsic Finite Element: Part III. Convected Material Frames and Examples," Journal of Mechanics, Vol.20, No.2, pp. 133-143.
16. Ting, E. C., Shih, C. and Wang, Y. K. (2004), “Fundamentals of a Vector Form Intrinsic Finite Element: Part I. Basic Procedure and a Plane Frame Element”, Journal of Mechanics, vol. 20, pp. 113-122.
17. Ting, E. C., Shih, C. and Wang, Y. K. (2004), "Fundamentals of a Vector Form Intrinsic Finite Element: Part II. Plane Solid Elements," Journal of Mechanics, Vol.20, No.2, pp. 123-132.
18. Wang Y.-P., Liao, W.-H. and Lee, C.-L. (2001), “A state-space approach for dynamic analysis of sliding structures,” Engineering Structures, vol. 23, 790-801.
19. Watanabe, G., Kawashima, K. (2004), "Numerical Simulation of Pounding of Bridge Decks," in 13th World Confrence on Earthquake Engineering (August 1-6,2004), Vancouver, Canada.

指導教授

李姿瑩(Tzu-Ying Lee)

審核日期

2013-3-7

推文