以作者查詢圖書館館藏

、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士

、以作者查詢全國書目

、勘誤回報

、線上人數：84

、訪客IP：18.191.21.86

姓名	周育蓁(Yu-Chen Chou)  查詢紙本館藏	畢業系所	產業經濟研究所
論文名稱	婚姻對女性薪資的影響─以台灣勞動婦女為例
相關論文	★ 公平交易法對多層次傳銷定義之研究 －「給付一定代價」是否應予保留 ★ 產業群聚與ICT、電子商務技術擴散－以臺灣製造業為例 ★ 人力資本與經濟成長：以TIMSS測驗分數作為人力資本代理變數可行性之探討 ★ 個人預計退休年齡的決定 ★ 租稅幻覺與已婚婦女勞動供給之影響 ★ 宗教認知對修行投入時間影響之探討 ★ 退休金給付制度及強制退休時點與員工互動之探討 ★ 台灣管理階層薪資結構 Tournament Theory 之實證研究 ★ 人才移動、家庭遷移與技術移轉－以台商在上海地區就職為例 ★ 電子商務消費者行為計量分析 ★ 台灣B2C電子商務市場商品價格變動因素之探討—兼論虛擬市場與實體市場間之整合 ★ 高科技產業垂直分工與群聚效果之分析—以新竹科學園區為例 ★ 電信不對稱管制之研究 ★ 臺灣地區大學教育報酬率時間變化趨勢之分析 ★ 肢體障礙勞工教育與就業狀況之探討 －以傳訊理論與歧視理論為基礎 ★ 教育的信號功能分析─以國內事業單位為例
檔案	[Endnote RIS 格式]    [Bibtex 格式]    [相關文章]   [文章引用]   [完整記錄]   [館藏目錄]   [檢視]  [下載] 本電子論文使用權限為同意立即開放。 已達開放權限電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的，進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。 請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定，切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送，以免觸法。
摘要(中)	本研究的目的在探討婚姻與職場女性薪資間，究竟婚姻對將會女性薪資帶來正面抑或是負面的影響？本研究的資料來源為行政院主計處「人力運用調查」民國67年至100年的34個年度問卷資料。研究的第一階段部份，我們分別擷取未婚及已婚女性樣本依據個人特徵對其薪資做估計，另對已婚女性薪資估計式加入家庭變數。第一階段結果發現，教育程度、工作經驗與居住城市都市化程度皆對女性薪資有正面影響，而丈夫薪資對已婚女性薪資也有正面影響，家中擁有子女數會依據子女年齡的不同而分別對已婚女性薪資造成不同的影響：家中若擁有0至6歲子女的女性，其薪資會較高，反之家中擁有7至18歲子女的女性薪資會較低。接著在第二階段，本研究為進一步理解婚姻對女性薪資的影響，保留了已婚女性的個人特徵，將其代入未婚女性之薪資估計式。從34個年度的研究結果發現，台灣女性普遍存在婚姻懲罰效果。為此，本研究更進一步利用總體變數去解釋到底哪些重要的總體因素將會為婚姻帶來薪資懲罰效果，研究發現，總體失業率及女性初婚年齡與薪資懲罰效果間呈正向關係，相對的，服務業國民生產毛額與女性工作者受政府雇用比例則呈負向關係，故其可減緩薪資懲罰效果。本研究期望，藉由上述研究結果能幫助社會了解，相關總體變數與個人婚姻因素間所可能造成的薪資差距間的可能關係為何，並期能更進一步找到改善職場女性婚育環境的可行方向。
摘要(英)	This research is aimed at investigating the impact of marriage on women’s earnings. To conduct this study I have used the “Manpower Utilization Survey Data” from 1978 to 2011 collected by Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan, ROC. In the first part of this research, I collated the relevant data to see how marital status, personal characteristics and family variables can affect a woman’s income. The study has found that years of education, experience in the workforce and living in an urbanized area can all have a positive influence on a woman’s wage. In addition, this study also confirmed that married women were affected by both their husband’s income and the age of their children, i.e., married women in our sample were found to earn more when their children were under the age of six years, though those with children between the ages of seven to eighteen showed to earn less. In the second part of this research, I retained all the personal characteristics of married women, and substituted them into the estimation formula of unmarried women. This study found that married Taiwanese women received less income than their unmarried counterparts, and this also referred to as the “wage penalty.” As such, this study moved a step further by collecting relevant macroeconomic or relevant social variables in order to explain possible factors that actually resulted in wage penalty on married women in Taiwan. Our study shows that unemployment rates and the first marriage age of women all have a positive influence on the penalty effect, but GDP in service industry and the proportion of female workers employed by government all have a negative influence on the penalty effect. It is my hope that this research will shed some light as to the relationship between these macroeconomic factors and the marriage penalty on women. Subsequent policies could be drawn so as to improve equality within the workplace.
關鍵字(中)	★ 婚姻溢酬 ★ 女性 ★ 婚姻	關鍵字(英)	★ woman ★ marriage ★ wage penalty
論文目次	目錄 摘要 ⅰ Abstract ii 誌謝 iii 目錄 iv 表目錄 v 圖目錄 vi 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究動機及目的 1 第二節 研究流程 3 第二章 文獻回顧 4 第一節 婚姻影響薪資之相關文獻 4 第二節 婚姻對女性薪資影響之研究 5 第三節 家務時間與薪資關係 8 第四節 已婚婦女之勞動參與研究 9 第五節 小結 10 第三章 研究設計 11 第一節 資料來源 11 第二節 估計流程 12 第三節 變數說明 13 第四章 實證結果 17 第一節 第一階段估計結果 17 第二節 對已婚女性薪資估計式加入家庭變數結果 22 第三節 第二階段總體變數對薪資差距影響 25 第四節 小結 43 第五章 結論與建議 46 參考文獻 49 附錄Ⅰ 53 附錄Ⅱ 60 附錄Ш 67 附錄Ⅳ 民國83年前職業分類代碼 74 附錄Ⅴ 民國83年後職業分類代碼 76
參考文獻	中文文獻 [1] 李筱琪 (2010)，「就業間斷對已婚育婦女工資差異之研究」，國立中央大學產業經濟所碩士論文，未出版。 [2] 周菂霈 (2005)，「由人力資本投資理論探討個人薪資之影響要素：以商管學院畢業生為核心」，國立臺灣大學會計系碩士論文，未出版。 [3] 高珮玲 (2006)，「產業結構對個人薪資福利的影響－以台灣製造業為例」，國立中央大學產業經濟研究所碩士論文，未出版。 [4] 陳建良，陳昱彰 (2010)，「台灣男性的婚姻溢酬：以內生性選擇模型探討」，《經濟研究》，第46卷第2期：171-216頁，行政院經建會。 [5] 陳如玉 (2005)，「台灣已婚婦女就業間斷與薪資所得關係之實證研究」，東吳大學經濟學系碩士論文，未出版。 [6] 陳美惠 (2005)，「探討影響台灣有偶婦女的時間分配」，銘傳大學經濟學系碩士論文，未出版。 [7] 陳信木、陳雅琪 (2007)，「教育對於結婚的影響：教育程度別女性初婚年齡分佈模式」，國立政治大學社會學系碩士論文，未出版。 [8] 張清溪 (1980)，「結婚生育與子女對有偶婦女勞動供給的影響」，《經濟論文叢刊》，第9卷第2期：167-223頁，國立臺灣大學經濟學系。 [9] 黃芳玫 (2011)，「臺灣人力資本與薪資不均之研究」，《臺灣經濟預測與政策》，第42卷第1期：1-37頁，中央研究院經濟研究所。 [10] 劉錦添、江錫九 (1997)，「台灣有偶婦女時間分配型態之實證研究」，《人文及社會科學集刊》，第9卷第3期：1-29頁。 [11] 蔡雅琪 (2011)，「台灣地區婚姻對女性薪資的影響」，逢甲大學經濟學系碩士論文，未出版。 [12] 謝慧美 (2006)，「成功男人背後的推手 –再談男性婚姻溢酬」，國立東華大學國際經濟研究所碩士論文，未出版。 [13] 蕭博仁 (2009)，「探究教育程度與學校素質對薪資所得之影響－以台灣的高等教育為例」，國立成功大學政治經濟學系碩士論文，未出版。 英文文獻 [1] Amuedo-Dorantes, C. & Kimmel, J. (2005), “The Motherhood Wage Gap for Women in the United States: The Importance of College and Fertility Delay,” Review of Economics of the Household, 3(1), 17-48. [2] Becker, G. S. (1975), Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis, with Special Reference to Education(2nd ed.), Cambridge, Harvard University Press. [3] Becker, G. S. (1991), A Treatise on the Family, Cambridge, Harvard University Press. [4] Benham, L. (1974), “Benefits of Women’s Education within Marriage,” Economics of the Family: Marriage, Children, and Human Capital, NBER. [5] Berg, N. & Lien, D. D. (2002), “Measuring the Effect of Sexual Orientation on Income: Evidence of Discrimination?” Contemporary Economic Policy, 20(4), 394-414. [6] Blandford, J. M. (2003), “The Nexus of Sexual Orientation and Gender in the Determination of Earnings,” Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 56(4), 622–642. [7] Blau, F. D. (1998), “Trends in the Well-Being of American Women, 1970-1995,” Journal of Economic Literature, 36(1): 112-165. [8] Blau, F. D. & Grossberg, A. J. (1989), Wage and Employment Uncertainty and the Labor Force Participation Decisions of Married Women, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge. [9] Budig, M. J. & England, P. (2001), “The Wage Penalty for Motherhood,” American Sociological Review, 66(2), 204-225. [10] Chun, H. & Lee, I. (2001), “Why Do Married Men Earn More: Productivity or Marriage Selection?” Economic Inquiry, 39(2), 307-319. [11] Cornwell, C. & Rupert P. (1997), “Unobservable Individual Effects, Marriage and the Earnings of Young Men,” Economic Inquiry, 35(2), 285-294. [12] Daneshvary, N., Waddoups, C. J. & Wimmer, B. S. (2009), “Previous Marriage and the Lesbian Wage Premium,” Industrial Relations, 48, 432-453. [13] Daniel, K. (1995), “The Marriage Premium,” The New Economics of Human Behavior, Cambridge University Press. [14] Dolton, P. J. & Makepeace, G. H. (1987), “Marital Status, Child Rearing and Earnings Differentials in the Graduate Labour Market,” Economic Journal, 97(388), 897-922. [15] Goldin, C. & Polachek, S. (1987), "Residual Differences by Sex: Perspectives on the Gender Gap in Earnings," American Economic Review, 77(2), 143-151. [16] Gray, J. S. (1997), “The Fall in Men’s Return to Marriage,” The Journal of Human Resources, 32(3), 481-504. [17] Greenhalgh, C. A. (1980), “Male-Female Wage Differentials in Great Britain: Is Marriage an Equal Opportunity?” The Economic Journal, 90, 751-755. [18] Hersch, J. (1991), “Male-Female Differences in Hourly Wages: The Role of Human Capital, Working Conditions, and Housework,” Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 44(4), 746-759. [19] Hersch, J. & Stratton, L. S. (1997), “Housework, Fixed Effects, and Wages of Married Workers,” The Journal of Human Resources, 32(2), 285-307. [20] Hersch, J. & Stratton, L. S. (2002), “Housework and Wages,” The Journal of Human Resources, 37(1), 217-229. [21] Hewitt, B., Baxter, J. & Mark W. (2002), “Marriage and Money: The Impact of Marriage on Men’s and Women’s Earnings,” The Australian Sociological Association Conference, Brisbane, QUT. [22] Hill, M. S. (1979), “The Wage Effects of Marital Status and Children,” Journal of Human Resources, 14(4), 579-594. [23] Jacobsen, J. P. & Rayack, W. L. (1996), “Do Men Whose Wives Work Really Earn Less?” American Economic Review, 86(2), 268-273. [24] Joshi, H., Paci P. & Waldfogel, J. (1999) “The Wages of Motherhood: Better or Worse?” Cambridge Journal of Economics, 23(5), 543-564. [25] Juhn, C. & McCue, K. (2011), “Marriage, Employment and Inequality of Women’s Lifetime Earned Income,” NBER-SSA Retirement Research Center. [26] Killewald, A. & Gough, M. (2010), “Money Isn’t Everything: Wives’ Earnings and Housework Time,” Social Science Research, 39, 987-1003. [27] Klawitter, M. M. & Flatt, V. (1998), “The Effects of State and Local Antidiscrimination Policies on Earnings for Gays and Lesbians,” Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 17(4), 658-686. [28] Korenman, S. & Neumark, D. (1991), “Marriage, Motherhood, and Wages,” The Journal of Human Resources, 27(2), 233-255. [29] Loh, E. S. (1996), “Productivity Difference and the Marriage Wage Premium for White Males,” Journal of Human Resources, 31(3), 566-589. [30] Mincer, J. A. (1974), Schooling, Experience and Earnings, New York, Columbia University Press. [31] Waldfogel, J. (1997), “The Effect of Children on Women’s Wages,” American Sociological Review, 62, 209-217.
指導教授	單驥(Gee San)	審核日期	2013-8-12
推文	facebook   plurk   twitter   funp   google   live   udn   HD   myshare   reddit   netvibes   friend   youpush   delicious   baidu
網路書籤	Google bookmarks   del.icio.us   hemidemi   myshare