超音波振動輔助等通道彎角擠製之初步研究

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陳昱樺(Wu-Hua Cheng) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

機械工程學系

論文名稱

超音波振動輔助等通道彎角擠製之初步研究

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摘要(中)

本文旨探討超音波振動輔助等通道彎角擠製(ECAE)之影響，以新設計之軸向超音波沖頭加載於ECAE製程中，分別探討不同的沖頭速度與軸向振幅大小，對ECAE後加工成品之影響，其包含沖頭負載、硬度與晶粒細化程度，並以有限元素軟體Deform 3D 模擬超音波輔助ECAE，分析其等效應變與沖頭負荷之變化。結果顯示超音波軸向振動對於降低成型力、晶粒細化分布、硬度分布以及應變分佈有良好的效應。

摘要(英)

This paper investigates the influence of ultrasonic vibration on equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE),by designing a punch with axial ultrasonic vibration in ECAE process,to investigate punch load ,hardness,and gain size of workpiece in different punch speed and amplitude.Furthermore,using FEM software DEFORM 3D to create finite element model with axial ultrasonic vibration in ECAE process, the strain distribution can be more easier to understand through the finite element model. The results reveals that there were good improvements of reduction of forming load,grain refinement distribution, hardness distribution ,and strain distribution by imposing ultrasonic vibration during ECAE process.

關鍵字(中)

★ 超音波
★ 等通道彎角擠製
★ 擠製

關鍵字(英)

★ Ultrasonic Vibration
★ ECAE
★ extrusion

論文目次

摘要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iii
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
第一章緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究目的與動機 2
1.3 文獻回顧 3
第二章基本理論 11
2.1 等通道彎角擠製(ECAE)製程介紹與原理 11
2.1.1 ECAE製程介紹 11
2.1.2 ECAE原理 11
2.1.3 ECAE晶粒細化原理 14
2.2 超音波加工原理 15
2.2.1 超音波基本理論 15
2.2.2 超音波降低介面摩擦應力之機制 15
第三章超音波振動實驗設備與製造 18
3.1 實驗設備 18
3.1.1 100噸油壓機 18
3.1.2 資料擷取系統 18
3.1.3 Load cell測力計 18
3.1.4 雷射位移計 19
3.1.5 MTS810拉伸試驗機 19
3.1.6 APISC小型切割機 19
3.1.7 拋光研磨機 19
3.1.8 光學顯微鏡(OM) 19
3.1.9 維氏硬度計 19
3.2 等通道彎角擠製模具設計 20
3.2.1 模具結構與設計 20
3.2.2 ECAE 母模設計 20
3.2.3 模具製作 20
3.3 超音波沖頭振動設計 20
3.3.1 超音波頻率產生器 22
3.3.2 振動子(換能器) 22
3.3.3 聚能器 23
3.3.4 超音波沖頭 23
3.3.5 振幅量測 24
3.4 實驗方法 24
3.4.1 試片製作 25
3.4.2 模具與機台校正 25
3.4.3 實驗條件 26
3.4.4 實驗步驟 26
3.5實驗量測 27
3.5.1 維氏Vickers硬度計量測 27
3.5.2 光學顯微鏡(OM)量測 27
第四章實驗結果與討論 29
4.1 拉伸試驗 29
4.1.1 拉伸試驗機與試片規格 29
4.1.2 拉伸試驗步驟 29
4.1.3 拉伸試驗結果 29
4.2 超音波振幅對沖頭負載之影響 30
4.3 沖頭速度對沖頭負載之影響 31
4.4 超音波振幅對硬度分布之影響 31
4.5 沖頭速度對硬度分布之影響 32
4.6 超音波振幅對晶粒細化程度之影響 33
4.7 沖頭速度對晶粒細化程度之影響 34
4.8 超音波振幅對於ECAE試片與沖頭接觸面之影響 34
4.9 有限元素分析 34
4.9.1 前言 34
4.9.2 基本假設 36
4.9.3 DEFORM 之架構與各部份功能之介紹 36
4.9.4摩擦條件 38
4.10 超音波ECAE有限元素模擬與實驗驗證 38
4.10.1 巨觀下幾何形狀 38
4.10.2有限元素模型與實驗值沖頭負載之比較 39
4.10.3 有限元素模型應變分布之驗證 39
4.10.4超音波等通道彎角擠製之有限元素分析 40
第五章結論 41
參考文獻 43

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指導教授

葉維磬(Ching-Wei Yeh)

審核日期

2013-8-29

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