馬達定子絕緣特性在加速試驗中之壽命預測

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楊宜恒(Yi-Heng Yang) 查詢紙本館藏

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論文名稱

馬達定子絕緣特性在加速試驗中之壽命預測
(The Study of Models of Reliability for Life Prediction about Motor Stator Insulation in Accelerated Tests)

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摘要(中)

傳統上對於可靠度的分析討論往往僅以最主要的失效模式作為唯一的失效模式進行分析與改進。然而，由於產品內部各個位置其材料性質與幾何形狀的差異；引發失效的失效模式往往不只一個，而造成失效數據的不完整。尤其在加速壽命試驗中為了迅速引發產品失效而以遠高於正常操作環境的條件進行試驗，若不對其中各失效模式各自進行評估分析，將難以取得足夠的訊息而導致壽命估計發生誤差。
本論文針對在溫度加速試驗中馬達定子絕緣之壽命估計進行研究。首先討論溫度效應下氧化反應對聚合物材料電性絕緣性質退化的影響，並探討其失效中累積損傷性質隨著溫度上升而逐漸趨於隨機性的現象。接續探討可靠度退化過程中失效其累積損傷性質與隨機性質的差異，配合蒙地卡羅模擬法探討強度與應力條件對此特徵的影響。並提出多個失效率具累積損傷性質之模型進行分析比較，選擇其中最適於應用在加速試驗分析之模型。
本研究以最大似然估計法處理恆定溫度加速試驗中馬達定子絕緣其失效數據不完整的各失效模式；並以累積損傷性質的觀點對傳統上描述壽命與溫度關係之加速模型進行修正。結果顯示本研究所提出之方法得以修正原先做法中對試驗數據估計的矛盾之處；並可根據模型參數對累積損傷性質的描述提出加速壽命試驗之最大容許試驗溫度，作為後續試驗規劃的參考。

摘要(英)

Traditionally in reliability analysis, failure is associated with one of several failure modes is common that the specimen is exposed to. However, due to the complexity of the product geometry, failure may occur at different locations, each with its own particular features. These are the so-called the failure modes. There is a specific probability for failure at each different position. The lifetime estimation becomes obviously optimistic if only the most frequently occurred failure mode considered. Especially in Accelerated life tests(ALT), which usually carried out by stressing specimens at overstress conditions to explore the defects and estimate the mean- time-to-failure (MTTF) at normal use. The Maximum Likelihood Estimator is taken to identify the characteristics of insulation failure about the motors by considering the accelerated life testing data under censored situation.
In this study, a deep understanding of the material degradation with stress has to be addressed. In the present study the motor stator failure due to the deterioration of insulation which is caused by the thermal degradation of insulation materials. Generally to the electrical insulation material, the dielectric strength is degraded with rising temperature. Failure mode becomes moderate in a sense of less capability about the accumulation of insulation damage at higher temperatures.
Two different reliability models have been adopted in this study, the AE model and the Weibull distribution model. The numerical results indicate that both two models are well fitted to the data and give more information to the predicted lifetime. Moreover, in this study the maximum test temperature can be suggested according to the parameter of cumulative damage.

關鍵字(中)

★ 可靠度
★ 累積損傷性質
★ 失效率函數
★ 加速試驗
★ 競爭失效模式
★ 截尾數據
★ 電性絕緣退化

關鍵字(英)

★ reliability
★ cumulative damage property
★ hazard rate function
★ accelerated tests
★ competing failure mode
★ censored data
★ degradation of electrical insulation

論文目次

摘要 I
Abstract II
致謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 IX
符號說明 XI
第一章緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 文獻回顧 3
1.3 論文架構 5
第二章溫度對聚合物電性絕緣之退化效應 8
2.1 聚合物材料簡介 8
2.1.1 聚合物的化學結構 9
2.1.2 聚合物的合成 10
2.1.3 聚合物的熱性質 11
2.2 聚合物的電性絕緣與劣化 14
2.3 溫度效應對聚合物分子結構的改變 19
2.3.1 溫度對聚合物氧化過程之影響 20
2.3.2 聚合物的斷鏈反應 23
2.4 溫度效應對聚合物材料電絕緣性質的影響 25
2.4.1 相關化學反應概述 25
2.4.2 溫度效應下聚合物絕緣材料的電性退化 33
第三章動態可靠度退化與其累積損傷之關聯 35
3.1.1 失效機制與失效模式 39
3.1.2 可靠度退化行為中的累積損傷特徵 40
3.1.3 失效統計其變異與累積損傷的關聯 42
3.2有關失效率具累積損傷性質的重要模型 46
3.2.1 韋伯分佈失效率 48
3.2.2 常態分佈失效率 49
3.2.3 Gompertz 及相關失效率模型 50
3.2.4 累積損傷模型 50
3.2.5 a0,an,n動態可靠度模型 52
3.3實例應用 59
3.3.1 汽車底盤腐蝕 59
3.3.2 汽車剎車系統 61
3.3.2 高溫下聚合物電性絕緣強度之退化 63
第四章馬達絕緣溫度加速壽命試驗分析 69
4.1 加速試驗綜論 69
4.1.1 以評估壽命為目的之加速試驗 70
4.1.2 以暴露缺陷為目的之加速試驗 72
4.2競爭失效模式與不完整數據的處理方法 72
4.2.1 競爭失效模式及其數據分析方法 73
4.3加速模型 75
4.3.1 溫度-壽命關係加速模型 76
4.3.2 溫度與累積損傷性質關係之加速模型 78
4.4案例分析 81
4.4.1 電纜絕緣其競爭失效模式分析 81
4.4.2 馬達H級絕緣溫度加速試驗暨競爭失效模式分析 84
4.4其他加速壽命試驗數據分析 102
4.4.1 電路板濕度加速壽命試驗 102
4.4.2 高亮度氮化稼LED高加速壽命試驗數據分析 108
第五章結論與建議 117
5.1 溫度效應下聚合物電性絕緣材料的退化 117
5.2 可靠度退化與其累積損傷之關聯 118
5.3 馬達絕緣溫度加速壽命試驗中的累積損傷性質 118
5.4 其他試驗分析結果討論 119
5.4 建議 120
文獻回顧 121
附錄A 複合材料強度退化蒙地卡羅模擬法 134
附錄B 累積失效過程中失效率與應力的關係 136

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指導教授

王國雄(Kuo-Shong Wang)

審核日期

2013-11-28

推文