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Abstract
Wan Zai is located in northwest of Jiangxi Province and Wan Zai dialect in the region is part of Gan dialect. During the period of Ming and Ching Dynasties, great number of the Hakka people successively immigrated from Guangdong and Fujian, through Gannan, to Wan Zai. They mostly lived in the remote mountain areas. Therefore, Hakka coexisted with Gan dialect in the region. Besides the two major dialects, in Jiangxi, there are other dialects, such as Wu dialect, Huizou dialect, Jiangxi official dialect, dialect island, etc. Type of dialect is various and characteristic. Target of this study is Wan Zai Hakka. The writing material of the study is based on the researcher’s field study of dialect collection and recording to explore the sound evolution of Wan Zai Hakka in Jiangxi dialect after the change of time and place. The change becomes the unique characteristic of Wan Zai Hakka, different from most of Hakka language nowadays.
This study includes 6 chapters. Chapter 1 is introduction. It states research motives, purposes, research methods, steps, related literatures, introduction of history of Wan Zai County, current situation of speech of two dialect points in Zhutan township and Tanbu township and introduction of speaker. Chapter 2 is description of written voice system of Wan Zai Hakka and it introduces sound, rhyme, intonation, tone sandhi and literary and colloquial readings of the Hakka in Zhutan township. In Chapter 3, Wan Zai Hakka and ancient rhyme are compared to observe voice evolution of Wan Zai Hakka. In Chapter 4, the researcher analyzes and discusses sound, rhyme, intonation and tone sandhi. By comparing the rhymes, this study reorganizes characteristics of Wan Zai Hakka and realizes that plug sound of the tip of the tongue of Zhi San Chang Zu is- and is innovative and developed inflection. At the back of phonology, development of entering rhyme and Yinsheng rhyme is not parallel. As to tone, Wan Zai Hakka shows tone splits conditioned by air in Yinping tone. In Chapter 5, vocabulary of Wan Zai Hakka and characteristics of vocabulary are introduced. By comparing it with the vocabulary of primitive town of Guangdong and several Hakka dialect points in Jiangxi, the researcher realizes that Wan Zai Hakka currently preserves Bei Pian feature set of Hakka dialect. Some preserve ancient Chu vocabulary (ancient dialect words) and Bai Yue borrowing words. Since Wan Zai is in the environment of Gan dialect, some vocabulary reveals the borrowing of Gan dialect. Chapter 6 is the conclusion and it includes research finding and review. Based on research findings, the researcher generalizes voice characteristics of Wan Zai Hakka and vocabulary features and in addition, the researcher proposes the suggestions regarding the limitation of this study. | en_US |