| dc.description.abstract | The dialect point studied in this paper is located in Sha-Pu Town, northcentral of Guangxi Province. It is a multi-ethnic gathering district. Besides three main nationalities, i.e. Han, Zhuang and Yao, it still has many minority nationalities. Hakka in Sha-Pu belongs to Han ethnic group. The paper takes actual survey method to study voice system and voice evolvement phenomenon of Hakka in Sha-Pu Town and understand the historical phonological features and experienced phonological changes of Sha-Pu Hakka dialect. Furthermore, it takes further discussion for its vocabularies.
There are six chapters in this study. The first chapter is introduction. It illustrates the motive and purpose of choosing Sha-Pu as study subject, method of study and steps. It reviews the relative studies and briefly explains the history and geographic overview of Sha-Pu. The second chapter is the system of Sha-Pu Hakka. It illustrates Sha-Pu Hakka ’s voice, rhyme, tone system, and features of tone sandhi and Literary and colloquial readings. The third chapter is the comparison of Sha-Pu Hakka and middle age tone. It puts the Sha-Pu Hakka into the history of phonology. The fourth chapter is the special features of Sha-Pu Hakka. It is also a review of first three chapters. It reviews initials, finals and tones in order to discuss the Sha-Pu Hakka’s language situation and change mechanism. The fifth chapter is the discussion of Sha-Pu Hakka vocabularies. It compares with other dialect points includes He-Yuan Hakka, Huai-Pau Hakka,Da-Jiang Hakka and Liuzhou Mandarin. Through comparison with surrounded dialect and underlying language’s vocabularies, it is able to review Hakka’s special vocabularies in Sha-Pu.The sixth chapter is the conclusion of this study. It concludes the phonology features and vocabularies features of Sha-Pu Hakka. It also reviews the shortage of this research and proposes the suggestions and directions for future Sha-Pu Hakka research.
According to the research results, the Hakka dialects in Sha-Pu have preserved the ancient voices and also have innovative changes. (1)For some part of words from Fei group and zhi group keep the ancient tradition for stress on lip sound, and sounds from top of tongue, (2) Nowadays the second level of Zhi group, Jing group and Zhuang group to be combined together to pronounce“ 、、”sound. Just a few of words from the third level of the Zhi group and Zhang group pronounce as post-alveolar“ 、、 ”. (3) The phenomenon of palatalization doesn’t exist in Jing ,Jian and Xiao group .(4) There are differences for the words between Ni and Lai initial groups, both of them will not be confused with each other and read as -、-。 (5) Some words from the Jih group retain nasal pronunciation.(6) The words from Hsiao、Jia initial groups pronounce with the sound “-、-、-、k- and k”. (7) A small part words of voiced dental fricative - have been changed to - sound. (8) The pronunciation of the Yi initial is more diverse. (9) There is a complete preservation as to tail consonant of auxiliary sound“-m,-n,-,-p,-t,-k”. Finals include : (1) Correspondence of level I and level II o：a vowels. (2) The first level of Xiao classifier and the first and the second level of Yau classifier belongs to Hao、Yao . (3) Opening phenomena for round-mouth characters.(4) Syllabication nasal sound ‘’in Fei group . (5) The finals in the first and third level of Zhen classifier opening mouth with the form of closing mouth sounds pronounce as “-un” or “-iun”. The tone part includes tone evolvement phenomena of secondary voiced sound. Comparing Sha-Pu Hakka with other dialects，because of the influence of different language contact, some vocabularies of the Sha-Pu Hakka dialect still retain the Hakka dialect, but some borrow from others, and have the underlying vocabulary of minority languages. | en_US |