| dc.description.abstract | This thesis The Language Contact Comparative Study of the Hǎilù Hakka Dialect’s Phonological Characteristics - Take Taiwan, China′s Chao-Hui Region, and West Borneo as Examples is divided into five chapters. The first chapter Introduction mainly elaborates the motivation, purpose, literature discussions, and research methods. In the first part of the literature discussions, it briefly introduces the relevant literature of Hǎilù Hakka dialects in Taiwan, the Chao-Hui region of China, and West Borneo. (Hereinafter referred to as The THREE.) The second part is about the contact and evolution of other dialects and languages. The third part is introducing other related research theories and methods, which are Document Analysis, Fieldwork, Synchronic Comparison, Diachronic Comparison, and Geographic Information System (GIS) Application and Analysis Method.
The second chapter introduces the Hǎilù Hakka dialects of The THREE in more detail, including the language distribution and population of the original residences and immigration residences. It also presents the common phonological system (initials, rhymes, tones) in a table. The individual characteristics are listed by points.
In the chapter 3, we analyze the internal differences and evolution process of The THREE’s initials and rhymes. In the part of initials, it not only clarifies the actual sound value of the Yǐng (影), Yún (云), Yǐ (以) of the initials Jìen, Xiǎo groups (見曉組) but the Jīng, Zhī, Zhuāng, Zhāng groups (精知莊章組). The other part of initials analysis presents comparison of the initials of individual special characters, including Zhèn (鎮, town), Māo (貓, cat), Shì (事, the thing to do). On the side of the rhymes comparison, we analyze the difference origins of division 1 and 3 (一、三等) of the rime Yù Shè (遇攝) and compared the existence of the medial “-u-” of The THREE. We used Shē Huà (畲話) and Dōng Jiāng Běndì Huà (東江本地話) as external comparison templates to find out the cause of the differences in the vowels “-o-”, “-a-” ‘s distribution (the vowels of division 1 and 2) in the syllable. In the final part of this chapter, we also compare the rhymes of some individual special characters, including Huà (話, the words or dialects), Guó (國, country), Shì (柿, persimmon), and the noun affix (仔). The process of analysis is supplemented by Geographic Information System and theories of language contact.
The fourth chapter use Hirayama Hisao (平山久雄)’s Tone Circulation Theory (聲調環流說) to analyze the tones of The THREE. Not only to explore the cause of the Hǎilù Hakka dialect’s tone differences, we also compare The THREE and Lúnghúa Hakka dialects sub-group (龍華小片客語), which help us find out the possible origins of Hǎilù Hakka dialect’s “7 tones” tone system.
The final chapter is Conclusion. We have organized the focus of the previous chapters, apply these findings to the distinction basis between dialects and delineation of dialect area. We also re-establish the basis of internal classification of Hǎilù Hakka dialect in Chao-Hui region of China, revise the names of the varieties of it. The past “Hétián cluster”(河田小片) renamed “ Lùjiē cluster” (陸揭小片); the past “Xīntián cluster” (新田小片) renamed “Pǔfēng cluster” (普豐小片), which are more in line with today’s administrative divisions and actual distribution. | en_US |