| dc.description.abstract | The “Era of Change” mentioned in this thesis means the time of period around seventeenth century, which is the era that Chuan-Shan lived. The academic circle in that time, we called it “End of Ming Dynasty, begin of Ching Dynasty” or “During the Ming and Ching Dynasty”. The reason to name this thesis “Era of Change” is to emphasis the character of era, which was totally changed from the old to new and to discard the old ways of life in favor of the new. In this changing and transforming era, the Chuan Shan’s “Heaven-Man Theory” has innovate and the initiate meaning especially. Scholars has different views to the academic position in this particular period. Have the Confucianism scholars during the Ming and Ching Dynasty had the break through thinking from the traditional ideas, responded the problems of that era, and give Confucianism with new contents and meanings? These are the questions worth discussion.
Chuan Shan is one of the most important Confucianism scholars in the time during the Ming and Ching Dynasty; he is clearly self-positioned at implement the “Entirely new” way to continue the developed of Confucianism. Through smooth flowing the Chuan Shan philosophy by the recent research, this thesis will discuss about the problems raised by the different interpretation of the “Heaven-Man Theory:
1. The “Chi” that Chuan Shan mentioned about was means rich and beautiful, moral world exist as a whole, or full of various material existences? What is this going to do with the Confucianism content that Chuan Shan controlling?
2. Focus on Chuan Shan’s “Heaven-Man relationship theory”, how to illustrate why Chuan Shan could emphasis on territories of both “Inevitability” of “Tian Dao” (Noumenon ) and “Freedom” of “Main body”? This theory is different from the “Principle theory” and “Heart theory”, it is also different from the “Classical Chi Theory”, so can not categorize into Chi philosophy pedigree. Therefore, how to position his theory in the Confucianism development?
3. Use Chuan Shan’s “View of principle and desire” as cutting point, explain that Chuan Shan’s point of view to “emotion, talent, and desire” is cohere with the modern people resort to personal emancipation. Therefore, what is the unique value and meaning of this theory to the modern thinking development?
The actual meanings of the three main problems - Chuan Shan’s concept position of “Chi” discussion, the relationship between Heaven-Man and the relationship of principle and desire - are the back bone of Chuan Shan’s “Heaven-Man Theory”, that is also the main portion of this thesis. Base on Chuan Shan’s “Heaven-Man Theory”, I will personally discuss the dynamic thinking of his theories, and the key position and initiation value he created with his conception of “Heaven-Man Theory” during the “Era of Change”. | en_US |