| dc.description.abstract | Hu’s career as a professional revolutionary began at his joining of Communist Youth League of China in 1929. From the Central Soviet Region in Jiangxi, arriving Yanan after the Long March, Hu was admitted and began his advanced study at the Chinese People’s Anti-Japanese Military and Political University. Appointed as the minister in charge of organization of the political section of the Central Military Committee, Hu familiarized himself and built up well working and personal connections with the generals of Chinese Communist’s major military factions in his five years of service. Constantly given earnest exhortations by Mao Zedong, Hu then became one of the core members of the power system.
As the civil war between the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the Kuomingtang (KMT) erupted in 1945, Hu fought in northern, northwestern, and southwestern theaters and became the party secretary of Northern Sichuan area after Communist’s victory in 1949. In 1952 he was transferred to the party central and was given the charge of youth work for fourteen years. During the Cultural Revolution, Hu was criticized and jailed in “bullpen” for two years. After he was approved for release by the party central to return to Beijing, Hu had been idling at home for quite a long time.
Hu was reinstated as the Vice President of the Party School of the Central Committee of CCP in March 1977, and was chosen as partner by Deng Xiaoping who resumed his post in that July. Hu then promoted a discussion over “practice is the sole criterion for testing truth” and cracked the advocacy of “two whatevers.” After Deng resumed his full power at the Third Plenum of the Eleventh Party Congress, accredited for helping Deng gaining his power, Hu rose quickly. From Committee Member of Central Political Bureau, Standing Committee Member of Central Political Bureau, General Secretary of the Central Secretariat, Chairman of the Central Committee of Chinese Communist Party, and General Secretary of Chinese Communist Party, it only took Hu three years to become the second generation leader.
Through his endeavors, Hu left significant achievements in developing economy, democracy, and foreign relations from 1978 to 1987. It is believed that Hu’s sudden resignation in January 1987 was closely related to Deng Xiaoping and Hu’s political enemy like Chen Jun.
Key words: Hu Yaobang, Chairman of the Central Committee of CCP, General Secretary of CCP
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