| dc.description.abstract | The objective of this article is to investigate a method to break the habit of smoking by dispensation and simple prescription introduced from Lu Feng County in Guangdong Province during the late Qing Dynasty and early Japanese colonial period. The method is known as Fu-Luan Giving Up Smoking Method and the treatment would be implemented in Flying Phoenix House. The distribution in the Hakka region in Taiwan during Japanese colonial period will also be investigated. This study has adopted Hsinchu Kezailin Fei-Feng Mountain Dai Quan Tang as the case study. Through the historical data such as Chang-Hui, agreements and documents, family tree, private manuscript, and the investigation and statistics in the Japanese colonial period, the development of Flying Phoenix House from north to south in Hakka region is introduced.
Since the introduction of Fu-Luan Giving Up Smoking method, it was developed rapidly in two stages in central and southern Taiwan after the North Taiwan and Xi Lai An event during the Japanese colonial period, especially in the Hakka area. The development of Flying Phoenix House in northern Taiwan started from Hsinchu, Yilan Huan Xing Tang, Hsinchu Kezailin Fu Shan Tang and Dai Quan Tang. Then it was developed towards the north and south of Taiwan. It was the primary stage of Flying Phoenix House development and was the developing period of it. Since the activity was too common, the Japanese police banned it to avoid from mobbing. Since the autumn of 1901, the Flying Phoenix House almost disappeared in Taiwan. It was one of the Flying Phoenix Houses, for which it came down and developed perfectly. What were the reasons for such development? The Dai Quan Tang has founded three Chang-Hui during 1899 - 1903. The Chang-Hui is the foundation maintaining the religious group and the branches. Under such situation, the Dai Quan Tang continued to develop Fu-Luan until 1907. It was pity that the development of the affairs was affected by the estrangement between the Chang-Hui. After 1908, the Fu-Luan affair was stopped. The chairman Yang Fu Lai left the Dai Quan Tang temporary, and engaged in education again and traveled in different area. After the occurrence of Xi Lai An event in 1915, the development of Flying Phoenix House was banned again. Then Yang Fu Lai learnt Buddha dharma from Japanese and held new position. The event had come to the end very soon and the Flying Phoenix Houses were mushroomed in central and southern Taiwan that became the second stage of development. However, the chairmen trained in the first stage retired or were too old. The new Flying Phoenix Houses need talents urgently. Therefore, this provided a new stage to Yang Fu Lai. Since then, he always brought the members to different Flying Phoenix Houses, and they assisted them to teach sutras, live with god, and publish the books. This affected the Hakka area such as Hsinchu State, Taichung State and Kaohsiung State.
Under such background, the author found that since the introduction of Fu-Luan Giving Up Smoking Method, it developed in Fujian and Hakka area respectively. In Hakka area, it developed from Hsinchu State, Taichung State to the southern Taiwan Kaohsiung State. This was in accordance with the Hakka population distribution. In other words, it developed first in Hsinchu State that had most Hakka population in Taiwan, and then it developed to Taichung State and Kaohsiung State. The development of Flying Phoenix House in Hakka area discussed in this article is a case study and regional. It is different from the previous local study, and the development and pattern of Flying Phoenix House in Hakka area will be shown. | en_US |