| dc.description.abstract | This paper analyzes and comments on the process of withdrawal from United Nations（UN） Taiwan suffered, based on mainly Foreign Relations of the United States (FRUS) and Archives of Department of International Organizations in R.O.C., and also by-archives such as National Archives, Archives of President Chiang Kai-shek, and Archives of President Chiang Ching-Kuo. In general, analyzing the cause and the outcome of negotiations of Chinese representation between R.O.C. and the United States, it can be found that the discussion of rights of Chinese representation shows the development of Republic of China（R.O.C.） during the times when United States of America（U.S.A） changing the Asia policy.
The basic reason why “Chinese representation” had become a long-time open question in the General Assembly taken votes every year for more than twenty years in that time is because it was difficult to vote alternatively - the Republic of China（ROC） or the People’s Republic of China（PRC）— which was the “ real ” representative of the China after PRC announced on October 10th 1949 that they had held the reins of government after the Civil War of 1949, when ROC, which had dominated over whole Chine, still has dominion over places such as Taiwan, Chinmen, Mazu and etc.. In other words, there have been two opposite polities with the same name – China.
Because of the outbreak of the Korean war, ROC and the USA used Moratorium in 1950s and cooperated successfully to win the support of countries attending a conference to let Chinese representation related bills be postponed debating in the UN. Ten years went by and world has been changed. Some countries supporting Moratorium originally, such as Canada, Britain and Japan, indicated to the USA they were unable to continue supporting, but also none of tens new members from African and Asia emerging countries backed the bill. It had been ten years since1961, an “Important Question”, requiring a two-third majority of the General Assembly for approval, was made any proposal to change the representation of China after Chiang Kai-shek had got Kennedy the president of the USA a secretly promise of avoiding in favor of Peking.
Although an “Important Question” was a success, the situation in the world political affairs was going against ROC. As Henry Alfred Kissinger’s private mainland visit went public, there was no way but accept a formula “dual representation” to placate citizens and to cope with the Albanian resolution.
In October, 1971, due to the failure of Modified Important Question Resolution also proposed by the USA, ROC pronounced no more councils to attend in 26th General Assembly of the United Nations（UNGA）. Subsequently, the UNGA Resolution 2758 recognized the PRC government as the sole legitimate representative to attend the UN. This was to solve the controversial Question of the Representations of China in the United Nations which last about twenty years to an end.
Above all, there are three ways to dissect the ins and outs of why ROC abdicating the UN. First, understand how dual representation was moved in USA, and Nixon, Kissinger and Rogers, their attitudes and devices to the issue. Second, understand the point at issue and the situation of consultation between ROC and USA. Third, analyze what the process of counsel in ROC and observe the flexibilities in foreign policy. | en_US |