| dc.description.abstract | A Study on the Communication Mode of Hakka TV - From the Viewpoint of Public Communication of Habermas
Abstract
Hakka TV is the first terrestrial TV channel established specifically for a designated group. This was also the first positive response from the authority since the Hakka people called the activity of “The Return of Mother Language” into action in 1988. The Hakka people can finally make use of the media closely to plan, produce and broadcast the television programs from the point of views of Hakka families; at the same time, Hakka TV is also endowed with the significant mission in the transmission of Hakka language as well as Hakka culture. Nevertheless, through the mission statement of Hakka TV: “Based on the care in the Hakka ethnic group and the public access to the media, Hakka TV should contribute to learning and understanding Hakka language and cultural connotation, encourage the interflow and harmony among different ethnic groups, and construct the spirits of citizens in the multi-culture society.”, it can also be realized that Hakka TV is not a closed channel; instead, it is a public platform to agglomerate common consensus internally and to push ahead the communication externally. How can such a platform communicate with the public? What are the differences from those general business TV channels for the time beings? This research applied the communication theory of Habermas toward the public sphere. In the process of public communication, there must be two major aspects of ＂ideal speech situation＂ and “rational communication mode” corresponding to two gradations of “program types” and “process of program production”. Eight indexes of “free speech”, “equal interaction”, “public affairs”, “critiqueness”, “comprehensibility claim”, “truth claim”, “truthfulness claim”, and “rightness claim” were adopted for examination. As a result, the program “Village Conference” in Hakka TV tallied with the eight claims and was quipped with the characteristics of rational communication so as to present the ideal speech situation. Based on the implications from the comprehensive analysis of the theories and the actual situation of TV programs televised, the conclusion was summarized into five following points. First of all, the ratio of public-communication programs in Hakka TV is relatively small. Second, the rational communication of the program “Village Conference” in Hakka TV exhibited the ideal speech situation. Third, the ethnic groups become the stepping stones for the access to the media. Fourth, there exists space for the public sphere in the dynamics of the media in Taiwan. Fifth, the one-way devices restrain the conversation.
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