| dc.description.abstract | On account of the complicated geological history in the Southeast Asia, the evolutionary histories in this area are very interesting. The Indian Rice frog, Fejervarya limnocharis, widely distributes in this area. In order to reveal its evolutionary scenario in Taiwan and neighboring areas, we not only used partial 12S, 16S, CXCR4, Cyt b and D-loop sequences but also collected sequence data from previous researches to reconstruct the phylogenetic trees by Bayesian analysis which evaluated the genetic relationships among haplotypes. According to the results, we divided these haplotypes into several groups and calculated the haplotype diversity, genetic divergence, FST value, migration rate and divergence time. Within Taiwan, the previous researches showed that the Central Range might cause the isolation between western and eastern Taiwan groups. We found that the boundaries of these groups were Nanau to Ao-Hua in north and Jin-Lun to Dajhu in south. This might reflect the coast landform of the boundaries during the sea level decline with glacial epoch. Comparing samples from Taiwan with that of neighboring areas, there were two major lineages of F. limnocharis. The first lineage consisted of eastern Taiwan, Guangzhou, Lanhsu, Lutao, main islands of Japan and south Ryukyu groups. The phylogenetic relationships of these groups might cause by the southward population extension of the Japan population. The second lineage consisted of the central Ryukyu, Matzu, south China, Southeast Asia, western Taiwan and Yangtze sample groups. The groups in south China and Southeast Asia might be the origin of the second lineage.
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