設計並建立以本體論為基礎之軟體流程調適專家系統

以作者查詢圖書館館藏

、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士

、以作者查詢全國書目

、勘誤回報

、線上人數：27

、訪客IP：3.145.173.112

姓名

李明達(Irwan Lika) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

資訊管理學系

論文名稱

設計並建立以本體論為基礎之軟體流程調適專家系統
(The Design and Development of Ontology-Based Software Process Tailoring Expert System)

相關論文

★ 專案管理的溝通關鍵路徑探討─以某企業軟體專案為例	★ 運用並探討會議流如何促進敏捷發展過程中團隊溝通與文件化：以T銀行系統開發為例
★ 專案化資訊服務中人力連續派遣決策模式之研究─以高鐵行控資訊設備維護為例	★ 以組織正義觀點介入案件指派決策之研究
★ 應用協調理論建立系統軟體測試中問題改善之協作流程	★ 應用案例式推理於問題管理系統之研究 -以筆記型電腦產品為例
★ 運用限制理論於多專案開發模式的人力資源配置之探討	★ 應用會議流方法於軟體專案開發之個案研究：以翰昇科技公司為例
★ 多重專案、多期再規劃的軟體開發接案決策模式：以南亞科技資訊部門為例	★ 會議導向敏捷軟體開發及系統設計：以大學畢業專題為例
★ 一種基於物件、屬性導向之變更影響分析方法於差異化產品設計	★ 會議流方法對大學畢業專題的團隊合作品質影響之實驗研究
★ 實施敏捷式發展法於大學部畢業專題之行動研究 – 以中央大學資管系為例	★ 建立一個用來評核自然語言需求品質的線上資訊系統
★ 結合本體論與模糊分析網路程序法於軟體測試之風險與風險關聯辨識	★ 在軟體反向工程中針對UML結構模型圖之線上品質評核系統

檔案

[Endnote RIS 格式]

[Bibtex 格式]

[相關文章]

[文章引用]

[完整記錄]

[館藏目錄]

[檢視]

[下載]

本電子論文使用權限為同意立即開放。
已達開放權限電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的，進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。
請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定，切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送，以免觸法。

摘要(中)

軟體專案的開發大多會遵照組織的標準流程來進行。但鑒於軟體專案的特性，並非一套軟體流程就可以套用在所有的軟體專案上。因此，軟體組織會訂定一套流程調適準則，讓專案人員根據不同專案所面臨的情境，依據調適準則而去調整實際的做法。然而，在實際的情況下，調適準則的制定與引用則是需要組織經驗的累積，因而不能武斷地去定義。由於流程調適是一個知識密集型的活動，而且個別的軟體專案需要組織經驗來協助進行調適，故本研究嘗試建立一個以規則為基底的專家系統，運用本體論來建置一個知識與經驗導向的軟體流程知識本體，透過推論規則的設計，以推論引擎對知識本體進行推論並產生調適策略建議供專案人員參考。本研究之系統將以網頁的形式呈現，並以個案公司的流程標準為例來說明及展示系統的操作。

摘要(英)

The key to avoid failure and increase the chance of success of a software development project is to focus on the implementation of the organization′s standard software process. In the ever-changing software project environment, adjustment to the standard software process is necessary to meet the goals and requirements of the project. Therefore, software organization usually provides a set of tailoring guidelines in order to customize and tailor the software process to specific project requirements based on the project′s characteristics. However, not all of the tailoring guidelines can be crisply defined and it is hard to tailor a process without the expertise and knowledge of an experienced process engineer. Thus, tailoring a software process is a knowledge intensive and highly challenging activity. In this regard, we propose an ontology-based expert system to assist software project in process tailoring. The aim of the ontology is to capture and further retrieve the implicit knowledge in the domain of software process tailoring. Lastly, the system will generate tailoring recommendations based on the inference made by the rule engine to provide support for process tailoring.

關鍵字(中)

★ 軟體專案流程
★ 流程調適
★ 調適準則
★ 知識密集
★ 本體論

關鍵字(英)

論文目次

摘要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iii
圖目錄 v
表目錄 vi
第一章緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機 2
1.3 研究目的 3
1.4 研究限制與假設 4
1.5 論文架構 5
第二章文獻探討 7
2.1 軟體流程調適 7
2.2 知識管理 12
2.3 本體論 14
第三章系統設計 17
3.1 系統架構 18
3.2 專案特性之建立 20
3.3 專案調適做法 24
3.4 軟體流程本體模型 25
3.5 規則設計 35
3.6 回饋機制設計 37
第四章系統展示 40
4.1 個案描述 41
4.2 知識擷取與建立 43
4.3 功能展示 46
第五章系統驗證 55
5.1 模式分析 55
5.1.1 完整性（Completeness） 55
5.1.2 一致性（Consistency） 56
5.1.3 簡要性（Conciseness） 56
5.2 以科技接受模式探討本研究之本體應用 57
5.2.1 認知有用性 59
5.2.2 認知易用性 62
第六章結論與未來展望 64
6.1 研究結果與討論 64
6.2 研究限制與未來展望 65
參考文獻 67

參考文獻

[1] 陳仲儼, & 黃永福. (2009). 運用模糊專家系統來協助軟體專案進行流程調適. 電子商務學報, 11(1), 235-258.
[2] Aaen, I. (2008). Essence: facilitating software innovation. European Journal of Information Systems, 17(5), 543-553.
[3] Barreto, A. O. S., & Rocha, A. R. (2010, September). Analyzing the similarity among software projects to improve software project monitoring processes. InQuality of Information and Communications Technology (QUATIC), 2010 Seventh International Conference on the (pp. 441-446). IEEE.
[4] Basili, V. R., Caldiera, G., & Rombach, H. D. (1994). Experience factory. Encyclopedia of software engineering.
[5] Baskerville, R., & Stage, J. (2001, July). Accommodating Emergent Work Practices: Ethnographic Choice of Method Fragments. In Proceedings of the IFIP TC8/WG8. 2 Working Conference on Realigning Research and Practice in Information Systems Development: The Social and Organizational Perspective (pp. 11-28). Kluwer, BV.
[6] Bernstein, L., & Yuhas, C. M. (2005). Trustworthy systems through quantitative software engineering (Vol. 1). John Wiley & Sons.
[7] Bird, C., Nagappan, N., Devanbu, P., Gall, H., & Murphy, B. (2009). Does distributed development affect software quality?: an empirical case study of Windows Vista. Communications of the ACM, 52(8), 85-93.
[8] Bleul, S., Weise, T., & Geihs, K. (2006). An ontology for quality-aware service discovery. Computer Systems Science and Engineering, 21(4), 227.
[9] Boehm, B. W. (1991). Software risk management: principles and practices. Software, IEEE, 8(1), 32-41.
[10] Brinkkemper, S. (1996). Method engineering: engineering of information systems development methods and tools. Information and software technology, 38(4), 275-280.
[11] Budlong, F. C., Szulewski, P. A., & Ganska, R. J. (1996). Process tailoring for software project plans. Software Technology Support Center (STSC), Hill AFB, Utah (USA).
[12] Cavusgil, S. T., Calantone, R. J., & Zhao, Y. (2003). Tacit knowledge transfer and firm innovation capability. Journal of business & industrial marketing, 18(1), 6-21.
[13] Chi, Y. L. (2010). Rule-based ontological knowledge base for monitoring partners across supply networks. Expert Systems with Applications, 37(2), 1400-1407.
[14] Coppin, B. (2004). Artificial intelligence illuminated. Jones & Bartlett Learning.
[15] Darke, P., Shanks, G., & Broadbent, M. (1998). Successfully completing case study research: combining rigour, relevance and pragmatism. Information systems journal, 8(4), 273-289.
[16] Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319-340.
[17] Davis, F. D., & Venkatesh, V. (2004). Toward preprototype user acceptance testing of new information systems: implications for software project management. Engineering Management, IEEE Transactions on, 51(1), 31-46.
[18] Demirörs, O., Demirörs, E., Tarhan, A., & Yildiz, A. (2000, September). Tailoring ISO/IEC 12207 for instructional software development. In EUROMICRO Conference (Vol. 2, pp. 2300-2300). IEEE Computer Society.
[19] Dhaliwal, J. S., & Benbasat, I. (1996). The use and effects of knowledge-based system explanations: theoretical foundations and a framework for empirical evaluation. Information systems research, 7(3), 342-362.
[20] Di Ciccio, C., Marrella, A., & Russo, A. (2012). Knowledge-intensive Processes: An Overview of Contemporary Approaches⋆. Knowledge-intensive Business Processes, 33.
[21] Dillon, T. S., Chang, E., & Wongthongtham, P. (2008, March). Ontology-based software engineering-software engineering 2.0. In Software Engineering, 2008. ASWEC 2008. 19th Australian Conference on (pp. 13-23). IEEE.
[22] Djuric, D., & Devedzic, V. (2012). Incorporating the ontology paradigm into software engineering: enhancing domain-driven programming in Clojure/Java.Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C: Applications and Reviews, IEEE Transactions on, 42(1), 3-14.
[23] Dong, J. S., Lee, C. H., Lee, H. B., Li, Y. F., & Wang, H. (2004, May). A combined approach to checking web ontologies. In Proceedings of the 13th international conference on World Wide Web (pp. 714-722). ACM.
[24] Dybå, T., Prikladnicki, R., Rönkkö, K., Seaman, C., & Sillito, J. (2011). Qualitative research in software engineering. Empirical Software Engineering, 16(4), 425-429.
[25] Elbanna, A. (2013). Top management support in multiple-project environments: an in-practice view. European Journal of Information Systems, 22(3), 278-294.
[26] Fitzgerald, B., Russo, N., & O′Kane, T. (2000). An empirical study of system development method tailoring in practice.
[27] Fuggetta, A. (2000, May). Software process: a roadmap. In Proceedings of the Conference on the Future of Software Engineering (pp. 25-34). ACM.
[28] Genesereth, M. R., & Nilsson, N. J. Logical Foundations of Artificial Intelligence (1987). San Mateo, CA, Morgan Kufmann, xviii, 405.
[29] Gibson, D. L., Goldenson, D. R., & Kost, K. (2006). Performance results of CMMI-based process improvement (No. CMU/SEI-2006-TR-004). CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INST.
[30] Ginsberg, M., & Quinn, L. (1995). Process Tailoring and the Software Capability Maturity Model, Software Engineering Institute. CMU/SEI-94-TR-024 (November 1995).
[31] Goffee, R., & Jones, G. (2001). Why Should Anyone Be Led by You?. IEEE Engineering Management Review, 29(1), 94-100.
[32] Goldenson, D., & Gibson, D. L. (2003). Demonstrating the impact and benefits of CMMI: an update and preliminary results.
[33] Gómez-Pérez, A. (1996). Towards a framework to verify knowledge sharing technology. Expert Systems with Applications, 11(4), 519-529.
[34] Gregor, S., & Benbasat, I. (1999). Explanations from intelligent systems: theoretical foundations and implications for practice. MIS Quarterly, 23(4), 497-530.
[35] Gruber, T. R. (1995). Toward principles for the design of ontologies used for knowledge sharing?. International journal of human-computer studies, 43(5), 907-928.
[36] Gupta, B., Iyer, L. S., & Aronson, J. E. (2000). Knowledge management: practices and challenges. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 100(1), 17-21.
[37] Haag, S., Raja, M., & Schkade, L. L. (1996). Quality function deployment usage in software development. Communications of the ACM, 39(1), 41-49.
[38] Han, W. M., & Huang, S. J. (2007). An empirical analysis of risk components and performance on software projects. Journal of Systems and Software, 80(1), 42-50.
[39] He, J., Yan, H., Liu, C., & Maozhong, J. (2007). A framework of ontology-supported knowledge representation in software process. In Proceedings of International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Knowledge Engineering.
[40] Henninger, S. (2001). Turning development standards into repositories of experiences. Software Process: Improvement and Practice, 6(3), 141-155.
[41] Hoegl, M., & Wagner, S. M. (2005). Buyer-supplier collaboration in product development projects. Journal of Management, 31(4), 530-548.
[42] Horrocks, I., Patel-Schneider, P. F., Bechhofer, S., & Tsarkov, D. (2005). OWL rules: A proposal and prototype implementation. Web Semantics: Science, Services and Agents on the World Wide Web, 3(1), 23-40.
[43] Hwang, Y. H., & Park, J. G. (2006). Approaches and requirements to develop and improve the standard processes for a research and development organization. Systems engineering, 9(1), 35-44.
[44] Islam, M. S., Kunifuji, S., Miura, M., & Hayama, T. (2011). Adopting knowledge management in an e-learning system: Insights and views of KM and EL research scholars. Knowledge Management & E-Learning: An International Journal (KM&EL), 3(3), 375-398.
[45] Jurisica, I., Mylopoulos, J., & Yu, E. (2004). Ontologies for knowledge management: an information systems perspective. Knowledge and Information systems, 6(4), 380-401.
[46] Kalus, G., & Kuhrmann, M. (2013, May). Criteria for software process tailoring: a systematic review. In Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Software and System Process (pp. 171-180). ACM.
[47] Kaur, R., & Sengupta, J. (2013). Software process models and analysis on failure of software development projects. arXiv preprint arXiv:1306.1068.
[48] Kettinger, W. J., & Lee, C. C. (1997). Pragmatic perspectives on the measurement of information systems service quality. MIS Quarterly, 21(2), 223-240.
[49] Laporte, C. Y., Alexandre, S., & O’Connor, R. V. (2008). A software engineering lifecycle standard for very small enterprises. In Software Process Improvement (pp. 129-141). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
[50] Lavbič, D., & Krisper, M. (2010). Facilitating ontology development with continuous evaluation. Informatica, 21(4), 533-552.
[51] Lin, L. F., Zhang, W. Y., Lou, Y. C., Chu, C. Y., & Cai, M. (2011). Developing manufacturing ontologies for knowledge reuse in distributed manufacturing environment. International Journal of Production Research, 49(2), 343-359.
[52] Liu, J. Y. C., Chen, H. G., Chen, C. C., & Sheu, T. S. (2011). Relationships among interpersonal conflict, requirements uncertainty, and software project performance. International Journal of Project Management, 29(5), 547-556.
[53] Machado, C. F., de Oliveira, L. C., & Fernandes, R. A. (1999, May). Experience Report-Restructure of Processes based on ISO/IEC 12207 and SW-CMM in CELEPAR. In Software Engineering Standards, International Symposium on (pp. 82-82). IEEE Computer Society.
[54] Maedche, A., Motik, B., Stojanovic, L., Studer, R., & Volz, R. (2003). Ontologies for enterprise knowledge management. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 18(2), 26-33.
[55] Markus, M. L. (2001). Toward a theory of knowledge reuse: Types of knowledge reuse situations and factors in reuse success. Journal of management information systems, 18(1), 57-94.
[56] Maurer, F., & Holz, H. (1999, July). Process-centered Knowledge Organization for Software Engineering. In AAAI-99 Workshop on Exploring Synergies of Knowledge Management and Case-Based-Reasoning, Orlando, Florida, AAAI Press, Stanford.
[57] Mendes, P. N., Mühleisen, H., & Bizer, C. (2012, March). Sieve: linked data quality assessment and fusion. In Proceedings of the 2012 Joint EDBT/ICDT Workshops (pp. 116-123). ACM.
[58] Myers, M. D., & Newman, M. (2007). The qualitative interview in IS research: Examining the craft. Information and organization, 17(1), 2-26.
[59] Na, K. S., Simpson, J. T., Li, X., Singh, T., & Kim, K. Y. (2007). Software development risk and project performance measurement: Evidence in Korea. Journal of Systems and Software, 80(4), 596-605.
[60] Nanda, V. (2001). On tailoring an organizational standard software development process for specific projects. In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Software Quality (pp. 1-13).
[61] Navigli, R., Velardi, P., & Gangemi, A. (2003). Ontology learning and its application to automated terminology translation. Intelligent Systems, IEEE, 18(1), 22-31.
[62] Neto, F. M. M., & Morais, M. J. D. O. (2013). An agent-based approach for supporting the knowledge transfer in the software requirements engineering.International Journal of Business Information Systems, 12(1), 23-43.
[63] Nidumolu, S. R. (1996). Standardization, requirements uncertainty and software project performance. Information & Management, 31(3), 135-150.
[64] Nonaka, I. (1994). A dynamic theory of organizational knowledge creation. Organization science, 5(1), 14-37.
[65] Noy, N. F., & Hafner, C. D. (1997). The state of the art in ontology design: A survey and comparative review. AI magazine, 18(3), 53.
[66] Noy, N. F., & McGuinness, D. L. (2001). Ontology development 101: A guide to creating your first ontology.
[67] Olson, T. G., Gates, L. P., Mullaney, J. L., Over, J. W., & Reizer, N. R. (1993).A Software Process Framework for the SEI Capability Maturity Model: Repeatable Level (No. CMU-SEI-93-SR-7). CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INST.
[68] Park, S., Na, H., Park, S., & Sugumaran, V. (2006). A semi-automated filtering technique for software process tailoring using neural network. Expert Systems with Applications, 30(2), 179-189.
[69] Parsia, B., Sirin, E., & Kalyanpur, A. (2005, May). Debugging OWL ontologies. In Proceedings of the 14th international conference on World Wide Web (pp. 633-640). ACM.
[70] Pedreira, O., Piattini, M., Luaces, M. R., & Brisaboa, N. R. (2007). A systematic review of software process tailoring. ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes, 32(3), 1-6.
[71] Pham, D. T., & Pham, P. T. N. (1988). Expert systems in mechanical and manufacturing engineering. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 3(3), 3-21.
[72] Pinto, M. B., & Pinto, J. K. (1990). Project team communication and cross-functional cooperation in new program development. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 7(3), 200-212.
[73] Polo, M., Piattini, M., Ruiz, F., & Calero, C. (1999). MANTEMA: A software maintenance methodology based on the ISO/IEC 12207 standard. In Software Engineering Standards, 1999. Proceedings. Fourth IEEE International Symposium and Forum on (pp. 76-81). IEEE.
[74] Prikladnicki, R., Audy, J. L. N., Damian, D., & de Oliveira, T. C. (2007, August). Distributed Software Development: Practices and challenges in different business strategies of offshoring and onshoring. In Global Software Engineering, 2007. ICGSE 2007. Second IEEE International Conference on (pp. 262-274). IEEE.
[75] Quinn, J. B., Anderson, P., & Finkelstein, S. (1998). Managing professional intellect: making the most of the best. The strategic Management of Intellectual capital, 87-100.
[76] Roger, S. P. (2005). Software engineering: a practitioner’s approach. McGrow-Hill International Edition.
[77] Roknuzzaman, M., Kanai, H., & Umemoto, K. (2009). Integration of knowledge management process into digital library system: a theoretical perspective.Library Review, 58(5), 372-386.
[78] Rubenstein-Montano, B., Liebowitz, J., Buchwalter, J., McCaw, D., Newman, B., & Rebeck, K. (2001). A systems thinking framework for knowledge management. Decision support systems, 31(1), 5-16.
[79] RUS, I., & LINDVALL, M. (2002). Knowledge management in software engineering. IEEE software, 19(3), 26-38.
[80] Schmidt, A. (2005, December). Bridging the Gap Between Knowledge Management and E-Learning with Context-Aware Corporate Learning. In Professional Knowledge Management: Third Biennial Conference, WM 2005, Kaiserslautern, Germany, April 10-13, 2005, Revised Selected Papers (Vol. 3782, p. 203). Springer.
[81] Schultz, D., Bachman, J., Landis, L., Stark, M., Meyers, G., Godfrey, S., & Tilley, M. (2000). A Matrix Approach to Software Process Definition. In 25th Annual Software Engineering Workshop.
[82] Seaman, C. B. (1999). Qualitative methods in empirical studies of software engineering. Software Engineering, IEEE Transactions on, 25(4), 557-572.
[83] Shen, B., & Ruan, T. (2008, December). A case study of software process improvement in a chinese small company. In Computer science and software engineering, 2008 international conference on (Vol. 2, pp. 609-612). IEEE.
[84] Shirado, W., Straka, W., Arkwright, T., Levay, M., & Lundholm, D. (1996, February). Software process in a mixed R&D environment. In Aerospace Applications Conference, 1996. Proceedings., 1996 IEEE (Vol. 3, pp. 315-326). IEEE.
[85] Smith, E. A. (2001). The role of tacit and explicit knowledge in the workplace. Journal of knowledge Management, 5(4), 311-321.
[86] Song, H., Wu, D., Li, M., Cai, C., & Li, J. (2010, June). An entropy based approach for software risk assessment: A perspective of trustworthiness enhancement. In Software Engineering and Data Mining (SEDM), 2010 2nd International Conference on (pp. 575-578). IEEE.
[87] Srivannaboon, S. (2006, July). Toward a contingency approach: Tailoring project management to achieve a competitive advantage. In Technology Management for the Global Future, 2006. PICMET 2006 (Vol. 5, pp. 2187-2194). IEEE.
[88] Staab, S., Studer, R., Schnurr, H. P., & Sure, Y. (2001). Knowledge processes and ontologies. IEEE Intelligent systems, 16(1), 26-34.
[89] Suppiah, V., & Sandhu, M. S. (2011). Organisational culture′s influence on tacit knowledge-sharing behaviour. Journal of Knowledge Management, 15(3), 462-477.
[90] Sure, Y., Staab, S., & Studer, R. (2002). Methodology for development and employment of ontology based knowledge management applications. ACM SIGMOD Record, 31(4), 18-23.
[91] Team, C. P. (2010). CMMI® for Development, Version 1.3, Improving processes for developing better products and services. no. CMU/SEI-2010-TR-033. Software Engineering Institute.
[92] von Krogh, G. (1998). CARE IN KNOWLEDGE CREATION. California Management Review, 40(3), 133-153.
[93] Wah, L. (2000). Behind the buzz: The substance of knowledge management. The Knowledge Management Yearbook 2000–2001, 307-317.
[94] Wallace, L., Keil, M., & Rai, A. (2004). How software project risk affects project performance: An investigation of the dimensions of risk and an exploratory model*. Decision Sciences, 35(2), 289-321.
[95] Xu, P., & Ramesh, B. (2003, January). A tool for the capture and use of process knowledge in process tailoring. In System Sciences, 2003. Proceedings of the 36th Annual Hawaii International Conference on (pp. 7-pp). IEEE.
[96] Xu, P. (2005, January). Knowledge support in software process tailoring. In System Sciences, 2005. HICSS′05. Proceedings of the 38th Annual Hawaii International Conference on (pp. 87c-87c). IEEE.
[97] Xu, P., & Ramesh, B. (2007). Software process tailoring: an empirical investigation. Journal of Management Information Systems, 24(2), 293-328.
[98] Yan, T., & Dooley, K. (2014). Buyer–Supplier Collaboration Quality in New Product Development Projects. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 50(2), 59-83.
[99] Yoon, I. C., Min, S. Y., & Bae, D. H. (2001, December). Tailoring and verifying software process. In Software Engineering Conference, 2001. APSEC 2001. Eighth Asia-Pacific (pp. 202-209). IEEE.
[100] Young, R., & Poon, S. (2013). Top management support—almost always necessary and sometimes sufficient for success: Findings from a fuzzy set analysis. International Journal of Project Management, 31(7), 943-957.
[101] Yu, J., Thom, J. A., & Tam, A. (2007, November). Ontology evaluation using wikipedia categories for browsing. In Proceedings of the sixteenth ACM conference on Conference on information and knowledge management (pp. 223-232). ACM.

指導教授

陳仲儼

審核日期

2014-7-9

推文