以偵測任務及系統效能評估找尋多針孔微單光子放射電腦斷層掃描系統之最佳化配置

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姓名

林威佐(Wei-Tso Lin) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

光電科學與工程學系

論文名稱

以偵測任務及系統效能評估找尋多針孔微單光子放射電腦斷層掃描系統之最佳化配置
(Configuration Optimization for Multi-pinhole Micro-SPECT Systems by Detection Tasks and System Performance Evaluations)

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摘要(中)

現今高解析度針孔單光子放射電腦斷層掃描系統廣為用於偵測小動物模型，但由於單針孔準直儀接收角度有限致使靈敏度太低，因此本研究針對實驗室建構之單光子放射電腦斷層掃描系統引入多針孔準直儀，以提高系統之靈敏度。
設計多針孔準直儀的過程，首先透過選定 FOV 範圍及最大化使用偵測器面積的方式訂定系統放大率，再藉由共線模型預估投影影像並限制其範圍及多工效應條件限制的方式選定針孔數量及針孔擺放位置，最後以幾何數學模型初估系統解析度及靈敏度來訂定針孔大小，藉由以上的步驟初步得到六組適合的針孔準直儀設置及系統放大率；接下來再透過蒙地卡羅模型軟體 GATE 模擬這六組針孔準直儀，獲取影像系統矩陣；最後以此影像系統矩陣進行偵測任務，比較這六組針孔準直儀的影像品質，並使用傅立葉串擾矩陣計算其空間解析度、重建熱桿假體影像分析空間解析度及計算系統靈敏度，比較這六組針孔準直儀的系統性能。藉由評估結果，最終選用系統放大率 1.52 ，多工效應 20% 之四個直徑 0.6 mm，對著物空間中心傾斜放置的多針孔準直儀，為我們系統最佳化之多針孔準直儀，搭配偵測器可用面積為 49 x 49 mm2 ，所得最佳系統解析度為 1 mm，靈敏度為$2.2 x 10-4。

摘要(英)

High resolution pinhole-SPECT systems are generally applied to small-animal nuclear medicine imaging, but the small acceptant solid angle of the single pinhole will limit the sensitivity. Therefore, multi-pinhole apertures are introduced into the micro-SPECT system developed in our group to raise the sensitivity. This study aims to design the multi-pinhole configuration that optimizes the spatial resolution and the sensitivity simultaneously.
The design procedure starts from deciding the multi-pinhole pattern. First, we choose the system magnification based on the predetermined field-of-view (FOV) and the criterion of using maximum detector area. Second, we choose the number of pinholes and the pinhole locations by setting an upper bound for the multiplexing factor and avoiding truncated projections. Third, we choose the pinhole size to have comparable spatial resolution among candidate pinhole patterns, where the sensitivity and resolution are preliminary evaluated by analytical models. After implementing the procedure, we obtain six single- and multi-pinhole patterns and their corresponding system magnifications.
The next step is to model the designed pinhole patterns in GATE Monte-Carlo simulations to generate the imaging system matrices. The final step is to compare the Area-Under-Curve (AUC) values, the sensitivities and the spatial resolutions of the designed pinhole patterns. The AUC values are evaluated with their respective imaging system matrices through signal detection tasks. The sensitivities are calculated during the generation of the system matrices as the ratio of detected counts divided by the number of emitted photons. The spatial resolutions are calculated by the Fourier crosstalk approach and visualized by reconstruction images of a hot-rod phantom. According to the resulting AUC, sensitivity and spatial resolution, the four-pinhole pattern with 20% multiplexing, 0.6-mm pinhole diameter, and 1.52 times system magnification is the optimized configuration for our micro-SPECT system with a camera face of 49 × 49 mm2 and a spherical FOV of 14-mm diameter. The corresponding system resolution is 1.0 mm, and the sensitivity is 2.2 ×10-4.

關鍵字(中)

★ 單光子放射電腦斷層掃描
★ 針孔準直儀
★ 偵測任務
★ 系統空間解析度
★ 系統靈敏度

關鍵字(英)

★ Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography
★ Pinhole Collimator
★ Detection Task
★ System Spatial Resolution
★ System Sensitivity

論文目次

第一章緒論1
1.1 研究背景1
1.2 研究目的2
1.3 論文架構3
第二章背景知識及相關研究4
2.1 多針孔準直儀4
2.1.1 針孔單光子放射電腦斷層掃描儀5
2.1.2 多針孔單光子放射電腦斷層掃描儀7
2.2 客觀影像品質評估9
2.2.1 二元決策法10
2.2.2 ROC曲線與 AUC 值11
2.2.3 Hotelling 觀察者14
2.2.4 通道 Hotelling 觀察者16
2.3 影像重建演算法19
2.3.1 最大似然之期望值最大化演算法20
2.3.2 序列子集之期望值最大化演算法23
第三章影像系統重建矩陣擷取25
3.1針孔參數設置26
3.1.1 訂定系統放大率及針孔位置27
3.1.2 針孔數量的訂定31
3.1.3 針孔參數的訂定32
3.2 系統模擬- GATE36
3.2.1 GATE36
3.2.2 電腦設備及作業系統環境38
3.2.3 針孔單光子放射電腦斷層掃描儀之模擬建立38
3.3 影像系統重建矩陣41
3.3.1 投影重心模型建立42
3.3.2 二維高斯函數影像參數化45
3.3.3 成像特性資料庫建立46
第四章影像品質及系統效能評估結果分析48
4.1 影像品質評估48
4.2 系統之空間解析度及靈敏度53
4.2.1 系統空間解析度54
4.2.2 系統靈敏度76
4.3 多針孔綜合設計建議78
第五章結論與未來展望84

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end{thebibliography}

指導教授

陳怡君(Yi-Chun Chen)

審核日期

2013-7-25

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