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姓名 羅友誌(Yu-Chih Lo)  查詢紙本館藏   畢業系所 機械工程學系
論文名稱 塑性變形對17-4PH不鏽鋼析出動力之影響
(Effect of plastic deformation on the precipitation kinetic of 17-4PH Stainless steel)
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摘要(中) 本研究藉由微結構觀察、X光繞射分析、微差掃描熱分析及機械性質測試(硬度、拉伸),探討不同冷加工量(20%、40%、60%)對17-4PH不鏽鋼析出動力之影響。結果顯示,商用板材之17-4PH不鏽鋼經固溶淬火後其基地為麻田散鐵,然隨著冷加工量的增加此麻田散鐵基地並無顯著的變化,但由X光繞射分析可發現因擇優取向的關係,繞射峰(CuFe/Fe4Cu3與殘留沃斯田鐵相(γ))隨冷加工量的增加有越之明顯的情況,但在X光漫射效應加強下,於60%冷加工量時,反而迅速消失;另由微差掃描熱分析可發現,冷加工可有效降低合金強化富銅相的析出溫度,其中又以含有60%冷加工量之17-4PH不鏽鋼有最佳之析出動力,且由機械性質測試可發現,未經冷加工之17-4PH不鏽鋼於450℃進行人工時效2小時可達頂時效,而冷加工則可有效增加17-4PH不鏽鋼之機械性質(硬度、抗拉強度),其中含60%冷加工量之17-4PH不鏽鋼於400℃進行人工時效4小時可獲得最佳之機械性質(硬度、抗拉強度)且硬度顯著增加約27%,由此可知,冷加工可有效提升17-4PH不鏽鋼之析出動力,進而能有效提升機械性質。
摘要(英) In this study, 17-4PH stainless steel changes as different percentage of cold working had been measured. The results of microstructure observing, XRD analysis, DSC analysis, and mechanical properties measuring was collected. From these facts, the commercial 17-4PH stainless steel after solid solution quenching becomes martensitic and does not have obvious changing between different amounts of cold work. In XRD analysis, the signal strength of CuFe/Fe4Cu3 and the remain austenite increase as the cold work percentage increase due to the preferred orientation, but the strength rapidly decrease as the cold work percentage reached 60% due to the larger scattering effect for X-ray diffraction. We also found that cold work can reduce the precipitation temperature of Copper rich phase, the most cold work percentage (60%) has the best precipitation kinetic. Form the results of mechanical properties measurements, 17-4PH stainless steel doing 2 hours aging at 450℃ can reach to peak-aged. Cold work can increase mechanical properties of 17-4PH stainless steel. While 60% cold work followed 400℃ aging for 4 hour could make the best properties (hardness increase 27%).
關鍵字(中) ★ 17-4PH不鏽鋼
★ 塑性變形
★ 析出動力
關鍵字(英) ★ 17-4PH stainless steel
★ Plastic deformation
★ Precipitate kinetic
論文目次 目錄      

中文摘要     ii
英文摘要     iii
誌謝       iv

目錄       v
圖目錄      vii
表目錄      x
一、      文獻回顧 1
1 - 1     不鏽鋼的簡介 1
1 - 2     不鏽鋼分類 1
1 - 2 - 1   肥粒鐵型 2
1 - 2 - 2   麻田散鐵型 3
1 - 2 - 3   沃斯田鐵型 3
1 - 2 - 4   雙相型 4
1 - 2 - 5   析出硬化型 5
1 - 3     17 - 4PH不鏽鋼簡介 7
1 - 3 - 1   17 - 4PH不鏽鋼其合金元素的作用 7
1 - 4     17 - 4PH不鏽鋼熱處理製程 10
1 - 5     冷加工 14
1 - 6     研究動機與目的 16
二、      實驗步驟 18
2 - 1     材料準備 18
2 - 2     顯微組織觀察 19
2 - 3     X光繞射分析儀 20
2 - 4     微差掃描熱分析儀 21
2 - 5     硬度量測 21
2 - 6     拉伸試驗 22
三、      結果與討論 23
3 - 1     微結構分析 23
3 - 2     X光繞射分析 28
3 - 3     微差掃描熱分析 30
3 - 4     硬度 33
3 - 5     拉伸試驗 37
3 - 6     破斷面分析 40
四、      結論 41
五、      參考文獻 42


圖目錄
圖 1 不鏽鋼防蝕示意圖 11
圖 2 Fe - Cr二元相圖 12
圖 3 17 - 4PH不鏽鋼固溶處理後之TEM圖 18
圖 4 Fe - Cr - C相圖 19
圖 5 Al-Cu合金固溶與時效析出示意圖 20
圖 6 Fe - Cu二元相圖 21
圖 7 17 - 4PH不鏽鋼對Cu含量的熱力學模擬相圖 22
圖 8 17 - 4PH經480 ℃時效一小時後之TEM圖 23
圖 9 AISI 304 SS經不同冷加工量後之應力應變曲線圖 26
圖 10 不同冷加工量的A 36鋼於不同溫度下之破壞韌性圖 26
圖 11 預先冷加工對Cu1.5 wt %Ti合金時效析出在400 ℃硬度圖 27
圖 12 Cu–3.1Ni–1.4Si合金在固溶處理後與固溶處理後行冷加工後在不同溫度下其硬度與導電度之影響 27
圖 13 熱處理條件與實驗之流程圖 29
圖 14 儀器示意圖 30
圖 15 XRD D2 Phaser 30
圖 16 微差掃描熱分析儀 31
圖 17 維式硬度機 32
圖 18 拉伸試片尺寸示意圖 32
圖 19 17 - 4PH不鏽鋼經均質化熱處理之微結構. 33
圖 20 17 - 4PH不鏽鋼固溶淬火態之微結構 34
圖 21 17 - 4PH不鏽鋼固溶淬火態後經不同冷加工量之微結構 35
圖 22 17 - 4PH不鏽鋼固溶淬火態後經60%冷加工量之三軸向微結構 36
圖 23 17 - 4PH不鏽鋼固溶淬火態後經60 %冷加工之YZ平面微結構圖 36
圖 24 17 - 4PH不鏽鋼固溶淬火後經不同冷加工量與不同時效溫度之微結構 37
圖 25 17 - 4PH不鏽鋼經均質化處理與固溶淬火態後經不同冷加工之X光繞射圖. 38
圖 26 17 - 4PH不鏽鋼固溶淬火態後經不同冷加工後於不同溫度之X光繞射圖 40
圖 27 17 - 4PH不鏽鋼在固溶淬火後經不同冷加工量之DSC曲線圖 42
圖 28 17 - 4PH不鏽鋼經固溶淬火態後經不同冷加工量後於不同時效溫度硬度圖 45
圖 29 17 - 4PH不鏽鋼經固溶淬火態後經不同冷加工量後於相同時效溫度硬度圖 45
圖 30 彙整17 - 4PH不鏽鋼固溶淬火態硬度與固溶淬火態後經不同的冷加工量後於不同溫度之頂時效硬度值 46
圖 31 17 - 4PH不鏽鋼固溶淬火態與固溶淬火態後經不同加工量後於不同頂時效之機械性質比較圖 48
圖 32 固溶淬火態後經不同冷加工量後於400 ℃時效之拉伸破斷面 50


表目錄
表 一 析出硬化型不鏽鋼之種類型號與成分 17
表 二 析出硬化型不鏽鋼之析出強化相 17
表 三 17 - 4PH不鏽鋼常見之時效溫度與對應強度 25
表 四 17 - 4PH不鏽鋼化學成份表 29
表 五 彙整固溶淬火態後不同加工量之析出峰溫度、面積及析出熱量 43
表 六 17 - 4PH不鏽鋼固溶淬火態硬度與固溶淬火態後經不同的冷加工量後於不同溫度之頂時效硬度值 47
表 七 17 - 4PH不鏽鋼經固溶淬火態與固溶淬火態後經不同加工量後於不同時效溫度之頂時效機械性質 50
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指導教授 李勝隆(Sheng-Long Lee) 審核日期 2014-7-15
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