細胞固定化影響厭氧氨氧化程序脫氮效能之研究

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張祐鈞(Yu-Chun) 查詢紙本館藏

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論文名稱

細胞固定化影響厭氧氨氧化程序脫氮效能之研究
(Effects of cell immobilization on the nitrogen removal performance by ANAMMOX)

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摘要(中)

本研究旨在探討細胞固定化於厭氧氨氧化程序的應用與影響。過程中首先以污水處理廠之活性污泥為植種源，馴養並富集所需之厭氧氨氧化菌；之後以批次試驗探討厭氧氨氧菌於懸浮和包埋培養下除氮活性之差異與可能原因；最後評估以固定化技術結合部份硝化與厭氧氨氧化程序於單一反應槽進行完全自營性除氮之可行性。實驗結果顯示以活性污泥為植種源，在提供適合厭氧氨氧化菌生長的環境下，可成功地自活性污泥增殖培養出厭氧氨氧化菌。批次試驗的比較結果顯示在低氮濃度負荷下(50 mg-N/L)，雖然懸浮系統和褐藻膠包埋系統在總氮去除率上有所不同(74±2.29% vs.100±13.86%)，但是當把系統內的細胞濃度考慮進去時，則兩系統的去除速率則幾乎相同(0.0148±0.0004 mg-N/mg-VSS/day vs. 0.0121±0.0017 mg-N/mg-VSS/day)，說明在先前研究所觀察到的差異很可能是由不同的細胞密度所導致；不過，當包埋系統於高氮濃度負荷下試驗時(250 mg-N/L)，原先具活性的ANAMMOX 則受到抑制，推測是由於基質在褐藻膠的介質環境中傳輸時受到質傳限制所造成。而於雙膜單槽的研究結果證實，在不外添加亞硝酸鹽，以雙薄膜系統結合部分硝化和厭氧氨氧化程序處理高科技產業廢水確實可行，且系統在有限的溶氧條件下，可藉由曝氣強度控制總氮之去除。

摘要(英)

This study was aimed to investigate the effect and potential applicability of cell immobilization on nitrogen removal predominantly modulated by the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) process. Specifically, the study included (i) establishment of the ANAMMOX enrichment cultures using activated sludge as a seeding source, followed by (ii) comparison of the nitrogen removal efficacies between suspended and alginate-entrapped enrichments on a per-cell basis under batch-growth conditions, as well as (iii) evatulation of the feasiability of using the immobilization technique for an integrated partial-nitrification and ANAMMOX process in a single tank for the treatment of high-tech wastewater. Results show that while the color of the enrichment did not appear to be reddish, multiple lines of evidence derived from analyses of water quality and molecular characterization revealed that the ANAMMOX cultures were successfully enriched from activated sludge. Further, although the total nitrogen removal efficacy of the system as a whole was different between suspended and embedded cultures under batch-growth, low nitrogen-loading conditions, it was nearly identical on a per-cell basis for both systems, suggesting that the differences observed previously might have been resulted primarily from differential cell densities. Surprisingly, while the
cells remained viable, increases in nitrogen-loadings resulted in inhibition of ANAMMOX activity in the embedded cultures, presumably due to the mass transfer limit encountered in alginate matrix. Lastly, it was demonstrated that using a dual-membrane system integrating partial nitrification and ANAMMOX processes without a direct supplement of nitrite to treat high-tech wastewater was feasible, and the extent to which the nitrogen removal seemed to be controlled by aeration intensity.

關鍵字(中)

★ 厭氧氨氧化
★ 脫氮效能
★ 細胞固定化
★ 高科技產業廢水處理

關鍵字(英)

★ ANAMMOX
★ total nirogen removal
★ cell immobilization
★ tech wastewater treatment

論文目次

摘要 I
Abstract II
目錄 III
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 IX
第一章前言 1
1-1 研究緣起 1
1-2 研究目的 4
第二章文獻回顧 5
2-1 高科技產業廢水特性和處理方法 5
2-1-1 產業製程及廢水特性 5
2-1-2 含氮廢水對環境之影響 6
2-1-3 含氮廢水管制現況和處理方法 7
2-2 生物除氮程序 9
2-2-1 傳統硝化/脫硝程序 9
2-2-2 除氮程序之發展 10
2-3 厭氧氨氧化微生物 16
2-3-1 厭氧氨氧化微生物之構造 16
2-3-2 厭氧氨氧化微生物之代謝反應 18
2-3-3 厭氧氨氧化微生物之生長特性 20
2-4 細胞固定化技術 25
第三章研究方法、材料與設備 29
3-1 研究架構 29
3-2 研究材料與藥品 31
3-2-1 研究之材料 31
3-2-2 實驗之藥品 31
3-3 實驗設備與分析儀器 31
3-3-1 主要實驗設備 31
3-3-2 主要分析儀器 32
3-4 實驗操作 33
3-4-1 ANAMMOX增殖培養 33
3-4-2 包埋顆粒之製作 35
3-4-3 包埋顆粒內菌體 35
3-4-4 批次試驗 35
3-4-5 雙薄膜生物反應槽 36
3-5 分析項目及分析方法 38
3-5-1 含氮化合物分析 38
3-5-2 混合液揮發性懸浮固體量(MLVSS)分析 39
3-5-3 蛋白質分析 39
3-5-4 中間產物(聯氨)測定 40
3-5-5 分子生物技術 40
第四章結果與討論 45
4-1 厭氧氨氧化菌之增殖培養 45
4-1-1 植種槽之建立 45
4-1-2 ANAMMOX反應之確認 54
4-2 包埋顆粒準備 62
4-3 厭氧氨氧化懸浮污泥和包埋顆粒之批次試驗 66
4-3-1 不同初始總氮濃度下之反應特性 66
4-3-2 除氮效能之比較 87
4-4 雙薄膜反應槽 99
4-4-1 反應槽啟動階段 99
4-4-2 反應槽試驗階段 102
第五章結論與建議 107
5-1 結論 107
5-2 建議 108
參考文獻 109

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指導教授

林居慶、曾迪華

審核日期

2015-8-19

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