具低電壓穿越能力之單級智慧型太陽能光電系統

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姓名

李軒宇(Hsuan-yu Lee) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

電機工程學系

論文名稱

具低電壓穿越能力之單級智慧型太陽能光電系統
(An Single Stage Intelligent PV System with LVRT)

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摘要(中)

本論文提出一種併網型單級三相太陽光電系統於配電系統三相故障期間使用二維遞迴式模糊小腦模型類神經網路之實虛功控制法，其中配電三相故障為相對地故障或相對相故障。太陽能光電系統利用單級三相電流控制電壓源之變流器完成最大功率點追蹤法以及低電壓穿透能力之功能，其中最大功率追蹤法採用增量電導法。配電系統三相故障時，控制器以符合E.ON低電壓穿透規範的虛功電流比例補償，調整注入市電端之虛功量，使太陽光電系統產生之實功與注入市電之實功維持平衡以及保持穩定，並限制變流器輸出電流之最大值。本論文首先利用三相電壓大小之最小值來判斷故障電壓之大小，並且提出一種以正序電壓成分之大小判斷故障電壓大小之方法。本論文所提出之智慧型控制器二維遞迴式模糊小腦模型類神經網路將在論文內詳細介紹架構中各層之函數以及藉由最高陡降法所推導之線上學習法則，並且使用李亞普諾夫函數證明其收斂性。最後利用實驗成果來驗證所提出智慧型控制器應用於併網型單級三相太陽光電系統之實虛功控制在配電系統三相故障時之成效，並與比例積分控制器來做比較。

摘要(英)

A new active and reactive power control scheme using two-dimensional recurrent fuzzy cerebellar model articulation neural network (2D-RFCMANN) for a single-stage three-phase grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system during grid faults is proposed in this study. The presented PV system utilizes a single-stage three-phase current-controlled voltage-source inverter to achieve the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control of the PV panel with the function of low voltage ride through (LVRT).Thus, a formula based on positive sequence voltage for evaluating the percentage of voltage sag is derived to determine the ratio of the injected reactive current to satisfy the LVRT regulations. Moreover, an incremental conductance (IC) method is adopted for the MPPT control. Furthermore, the constraint of the active and reactive power command of the control scheme is according to the ratio of the reactive current in order to meet the LVRT regulations. To reduce the risk of over-current during LVRT operation, a current limit is predefined for the injection of reactive current. In addition, the recurrent network is embedded in the first layer of the 2D-RFCMANN and a Gaussian basis function is used to model the hypercube structure. The online learning laws of 2D-RFCMANN are derived according to gradient descent method. Additionally, specific learning-rate coefficients for network parameters to assure the convergence of the tracking error are derived using Lyapunov function. Finally, some experimental tests are realized to validate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.

關鍵字(中)

★ 太陽能
★ 低電壓穿越
★ 智慧型
★ 電網

關鍵字(英)

論文目次

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 xii
第一章緒論 1
1.1研究背景與動機 1
1.2文獻回顧 3
1.3論文貢獻 5
1.4論文大綱 6
第二章太陽能光電系統介紹 7
2.1 簡介 7
2.2 太陽能電池特性 7
2.3 單級與雙級式太陽能光電系統 10
2.4 最大功率點追蹤法介紹 13
2.4.1 擾動觀察法 13
2.4.2 增量電導法 14
2.5 三相座標軸轉換 16
2.5.1 靜止座標軸 18
2.5.2 同步旋轉座標軸 19
2.5.3 三相功率計算 20
2.6 市電角度估測法 21
2.6.1 三相線電壓軸轉換法 21
2.6.2 電壓濾波法 22
2.6.3 鎖相迴路法 22
2.7 變流器之實虛功與電流控制 24
2.8 硬體設備 25
2.8.1 可程控直流電源供應器 26
2.8.2 變流器 28
2.8.3 三相交流電源供應器 30
2.8.4 資料擷取卡 31
第三章併網型再生能源之低電壓穿越探討 33
3.1 簡介 33
3.2 故障型態分析 33
3.3 正負序成分分析 38
3.4 正負序成分偵測 42
3.5 二階廣義積分器之鎖相迴路 49
3.6 故障電壓偵測與低電壓穿越規範 52
第四章故障時低電壓穿越之技術探討 54
4.1 簡介 54
4.2 負序電流注入法 54
4.3 模擬與討論 56
4.3.1 不注入負序電流控制策略 57
4.3.2 消除實功諧波之控制策略 58
4.3.3 消除虛功諧波之控制策略 59
4.3.4 同時消除實、虛功諧波之控制策略 60
第五章二維遞迴式模糊小腦模型類神經網路 61
5.2 簡介 61
5.2 二維遞迴式模糊小腦模型類神經網路架構 61
5.3 二維遞迴式模糊小腦模型類神經網路線上學習法則 65
5.4 二維遞迴式模糊小腦模型類神經網路收斂性分析 67
第六章單級智慧型太陽能系統 69
6.1 系統簡介 69
6.2 雙模式控制策略 70
6.3太陽光照度改變之實作與討論 71
6.4 以相電壓判斷故障程度之實作與模擬 73
6.4.1 市電系統單相對地故障(Mode I) 74
6.4.2 市電系統單相對地故障(Mode II) 77
6.4.3 市電系統兩相之間故障(Mode II) 80
6.5 以正序電壓成分判斷故障程度之實作與模擬 83
6.5.1 市電系統兩相對地故障(Mode I) 83
6.5.2 市電系統單相對地故障(Mode II) 86
6.5.3 市電系統兩相對地故障(Mode II) 89
第七章結論與未來研究方向 92
7.1 結論 92
7.2 未來研究方向 92
參考文獻 93
作者簡歷 97

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指導教授

林法正(Faa-jneg Lin)

審核日期

2014-7-25

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